相位控制之主動調諧質量阻尼器應用於多自由度構架分析與實驗驗證

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常珮慈(Pei-Tzu Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

相位控制之主動調諧質量阻尼器應用於多自由度構架分析與實驗驗證

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摘要(中)

本研究針對相位控制之主動式調諧質量尼器(Phase Control – Active Tuned Mass Damper, PC-ATMD)應用於多自由度結構進行驗證。其中相位控制律，由結構回饋之量測值分為「結構位移回饋之相位控制」與「結構絕對加速度回饋之相位控制」，而發展結構位移回饋之相位控制主動調諧質量阻尼器(Phase Control Displacement feedback – Active Tuned Mass Damper, PCD-ATMD)與結構絕對加速度回饋之相位控制主動調諧質量阻尼器(Phase Control abs. Acceleration feedback – Active Tuned Mass Damper, PCA-ATMD)，接著以多自由度結構加裝PC-ATMD案例情況，進行各項數值模擬分析，探討各情況之減振效果及特性，並以多自由度構架試體振動台實驗進行驗證。相位控制之主動調諧質量阻尼器，是於調諧質量阻尼器與結構間施加控制力，並可即時調整調諧質量阻尼器之運動，使調諧質量阻尼器與結構保持-90度相位差，調諧質量阻尼器也擁有最大能量流(Power Flow)，因此有最佳之減振效果。多自由度結構加裝PC-ATMD之分析與實驗結果表明，從結構頻率反應函數與地震力作用下之結構歷時反應，皆有良好之減振效果，而其量測數量少，不需全狀態回饋且效果與線性二次控制器(Linear Quadratic Regulator, LQR)有相當之減振效果。另外由敏感度分析中，PCD-ATMD和PCA-ATMD之設計增益參數變化對結構之減振效果影響較不明顯；而在系統穩定度分析說明，在一定範圍內兩者皆為穩定可控制之系統，顯示兩者之控制方法皆有強健性。

摘要(英)

The purpose of this research is to verify the application of the phase control tuned mass dampers (PC-ATMDs) implemented on multiple degrees of freedom structure. The essential of the PC-ATMD is to apply control force between the tuning mass and the structure, so that the PC-ATMD can achieve a 90-degree phase lag of structure to induce maximum power flow resulting in outstanding vibration reduction capability. Base on the difference of measurement signal feedback from the structure, the displacement feedback or the absolute acceleration feedback, the PC-ATMD can be further distinguished as Phase Control Displacement feedback-Active Tuned Mass Damper (PCD-ATMD) and Phase Control absolute Acceleration feedback-Active Tuned Mass Damper (PCA-ATMD). The numerical simulation results show that the PCD-ATMD and PCA-ATMD has excellent performance on structural vibration reduction in both frequency domain and time domain analysis, and then the shaking table experiment is conducted by using a 3-stories shear building frame incorporated with the PCD-ATMD or PCA-ATMD to verify the performance regarding the structural vibration reduction. Moreover, the PC-ATMD is comparable with conventional linear-quadratic-regulator (LQR) controlled ATMD but full state feedback measurement of the entire system or system observer is not required. The sensitivity and stability analysis also shows that the variation of gain parameters of PCD-ATMD or PCA-ATMD in a certain range is durable and stable. Hence, both of the active phase control algorithms are robust.

關鍵字(中)

★ 調諧質量阻尼器
★ 主動控制
★ 相位控制
★ 多自由度結構
★ 能量流理論
★ 振動台實驗
★ 離散時間系統
★ 即時控制

關鍵字(英)

★ tuned mass damper
★ active control
★ phase control
★ multiple degrees of freedom structure
★ power flow theory
★ shaking table experiment
★ real time control

論文目次

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
目錄 V
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 XI
第一章緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 研究內容 4
第二章相位控制調諧質量阻尼器 5
2.1 相位控制之概念與原理 5
2.2 多自由度結構加裝ATMD之動力系統 6
2.3 多自由度結構位移回饋之相位控制推導 9
2.4 相位控制參數最佳化 11
2.5 多自由度結構絕對加速度回饋之相位控制推導 12
2.6 相位控制方法之流程 13
第三章多自由度構架加裝調諧質量阻尼器之分析 19
3.1 頻率反應函數 19
3.1.1 多自由度構架加裝ATMD之動力系統 19
3.1.2 多自由度構架加裝PCD-ATMD與PCA-ATMD之頻率反應函數 21
3.1.3 多自由度結構位移頻率反應函數 22
3.1.4 多自由度結構絕對加速度頻率反應函數 23
3.1.5 質量塊衝程頻率反應函數 24
3.1.6 主動控制力頻率反應函數 24
3.2 地震歷時分析 25
3.2.1 輸入之地震歷時 25
3.2.2 地震歷時下之構架反應 26
3.3 系統穩定性分析 31
3.3.1 相位控制結構位移回饋系統穩定性分析 31
3.3.2 相位控制結構絕對加速度回饋系統穩定性分析 32
3.4 敏感度分析之相位控制結構位移回饋系統 33
3.4.1 增益係數之敏感度分析 33
3.4.2 振幅比之敏感度分析 34
3.4.3 ATMD頻率之敏感度分析 36
3.4.4 ATMD阻尼比之敏感度分析 36
3.4.5 多自由度結構頻率之敏感度分析 37
3.4.6 多自由度結構阻尼比之敏感度分析 38
3.5 敏感度分析之相位控制結構絕對加速度回饋系統 39
3.5.1 增益係數之敏感度分析 39
3.5.2 振幅比之敏感度分析 40
3.5.3 ATMD頻率之敏感度分析 41
3.5.4 ATMD阻尼比之敏感度分析 42
3.5.5 多自由度結構頻率之敏感度分析 43
3.5.6 多自由度結構阻尼比之敏感度分析 44
第四章實驗設備與配備 99
4.1 實驗設備與配置 99
4.1.1 多自由度構架配置 99
4.1.2 ATMD 99
4.1.3 控制介面與量測儀器 100
4.1.4 轉速控制 101
4.2 實驗構架系統識別 102
4.3 結構之層間變位檢核 103
4.4 ATMD參數設計 104
4.5 數位濾波器 105
4.6 輸入之地震歷時 106
第五章實驗結果與討論 117
5.1 實驗中各ATMD案例之減震效果比較 117
5.2 相同震波下PGA值變化之影響 120
5.3 不同震波下之減震效果差異 122
5.4 實驗結果與分析結果之比較 122
第六章結論與建議 181
6.1 結論 181
6.2 建議 184
參考文獻 185
附錄A 191

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指導教授

賴勇安(Yong-An Lai)

審核日期

2021-8-23

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