博碩士論文 105382604 詳細資訊




以作者查詢圖書館館藏 以作者查詢臺灣博碩士 以作者查詢全國書目 勘誤回報 、線上人數:11 、訪客IP:18.222.167.53
姓名 尹彥坦(Nguyen Thanh Vinh)  查詢紙本館藏   畢業系所 土木工程學系
論文名稱 以敲擊反應及地電阻影像法評估樁長及基礎型式
(Pile Length and Foundation Type Evaluation Using Impact Response and Electrical Resistivity Tomography Methods)
相關論文
★ 貼片補強構件之層間應力分析★ 軌道不整檢測及識別方法
★ 混凝土結構分析之三維等效單軸組成材料模型★ 卵形顆粒法向與切向接觸之等效線性彈簧值之推導與驗證
★ 以四面體離散化多面體系統之接觸分析與模擬★ 軌道車輛三維動態脫軌係數之在線量測理論
★ 向量式DKMT厚殼元推導與模擬★ 向量式預力混凝土二維剛架元之數值模擬與驗證
★ 向量式有限元應用於懸索橋非線性動力分析★ 蛋形顆粒群之流固耦合分析
★ 複合版梁元素分析模型之橋梁動態識別法★ 三維等效單軸應變與應力之材料組成模型
★ 人行吊橋的現有內力評估及動力分析★ 薄殼結構非線性運動之向量式有限元分析法
★ 雷射掃描技術於鋼軌磨耗之檢測★ 動態加載下的等效單軸應變與 應力材料組成模型
檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]    [Bibtex 格式]    [相關文章]   [文章引用]   [完整記錄]   [館藏目錄]   [檢視]  [下載]
  1. 本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
  2. 已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
  3. 請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。

摘要(中) 為提高樁長評估的效率和準確性,本文研究應用敲擊反應與地電阻影像兩種實驗方法,在三根長細比大於20模型混凝土樁,於架空與部分埋入條件下,進行敲擊反應先導試驗。根據導波理論將樁視為波導,利用相速度與頻率的頻散關係,建立聯合歷時與譜的分析,並在已知樁徑與波速的情況下,將共振概念與導波理論相結合,發展一套簡單而有效的方法,求出共振頻率、相速與樁長。
此外,經驗模式分解(EMD)技術用於確定下限頻率,其中兩個要求,即恆定速度與規律頻距,可滿足應用一維(1-D)波概念在高頻範圍。除下限頻率之外,一維波的概念被合理地根據頻率分析,用於預測樁長。
最後,實施基礎檢測策略以評估現地高架鐵路與跨水橋梁之樁柱式基礎長度。地電阻影像檢查揭示橋梁下部結構與周圍軟土在樁彎曲處的整體界面,符合橋梁設計圖表資料;採用互易原理的超震檢測則可精細地逆推算樁長。
摘要(英) In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of pile length evaluation, two inpsection approaches, such as impact response and electrical resistivity tomography, are considered in this thesis. The pilot impact response tests are performed at three model concrete piles with slenderness ratios more than 20 under both traction-free conditions and partially-embedded conditions. Treating a pile as a waveguide, this pilot test develops an analysis basis on joint time history and spectrum by using the dispersion relation between phase velocity and frequency. The usage of resonance concept and guided wave theory is a simple and efficient approach to find the resonant frequency, phase velocity, and pile length when knowing a shaft diameter and wave velocity of the pile.
Furthermore, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) technique is used to determine the lower bound frequency, where two requirements, i.e., constant velocity and regular frequency span, can be fulfilled in order to apply the one-dimensional (1-D) wave concept at high frequencies. Beyond the lower bound frequency, the 1-D wave concept is reasonably used to predict the pile lengths with an estimated based on frequency analysis.
Finally, the foundation inspection strategy is implemented to assess the pile bent lengths of the viaduct railway and the overwater bridges. the electrical resistivity tomography inspection reveals the global interface between the bridge′s substructure and the surrounding soft soils over pile bents, which is confirmed by the bridge design charts. The reciprocal theorem-based ultra-seismic inspection provides an inverse computation way for evaluating the pile bent length.
關鍵字(中) ★ 非破壞性檢測
★ 敲擊反應
★ 地電阻影像
★ 樁柱式基礎
★ 波傳
★ 歷時
關鍵字(英) ★ Non-destructive testing
★ impact response
★ electrical resistivity tomography
★ pile bent foundation
★ wave propagation
★ time history
論文目次 中文摘要 I
Abstarct II
Acknowledgements III
Table of Contents V
List of Tables VI
List of Figures VII
List of Abbreviations XI
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1 Overview and Motivation 1
1.2 Objective 2
1.3 Research Methods 3
1.4 Organization of Thesis 3
Chapter 2. Fundmentals of Wave Approach 5
2.1 One-Dimensional Wave Theory 5
2.2 Three-Dimensional Guided Wave Theory 6
2.3 Sonic Echo Method 11
2.4 Impulse Response Method 13
2.4.1 Longitudinal Wave Impulse Response 13
2.4.2 Flexural Wave Impulse Response 19
2.5 Ultra-Seismic Method and Reciprocal Theorem 23
2.6 Signal Processing Techniques 25
Chapter 3. Electrical Resistivity Tomography Method 29
3.1 Introduction 29
3.2 Principle of Inspection 29
3.3 Inspection Procedure 32
3.4 Inspection Instrumentation 34
3.5 Data Processing and Analysis 35
Chapter 4. Experimental Plan 37
4.1 Experiments in a Controlled Site 37
4.1.1 Introduction 37
4.1.2 Experimental Instruments 38
4.1.3 Prepareness of Model Concrete Piles 42
4.1.4 Experiment under Traction-Free Condition 45
4.1.5 Experiment under Partially-Embedded Condition 47
4.2 Approaches in Field Testing 48
4.2.1 Electrical Resistivity Tomography Testing 48
4.2.2 Ultra-Seismic Testing 51
Chapter 5. Experiments on Model Concrete Piles 54
5.1 Introduction 54
5.2 Longitudinal Wave Impulse Response Testing 56
5.2.1 Pile A Case 56
5.2.2 Pile B Case 58
5.2.3 Pile C Case 60
5.2.4 Discussion 63
5.3 Flexural Wave Impulse Response Testing 64
5.4 Application of Empirical Mode Decomposition to Determine Pile Lengths Subject to Lateral Impact 70
5.4.1 Criteria for Finding the Lower Bound Frequency 70
5.4.2 Length Determination Procedure 72
5.4.3 Results and Discussion 81
Chapter 6. Pile length Evaluation in Field Testing 83
6.1 Overwater Bridges 83
6.1.1 Site Background 83
6.1.2 Overwater Resistivity Electrical Tomography 84
6.1.3 Ultra-Seismic Inspection 86
6.1.4 Results and Discussion 86
6.2 A Railway Viaduct 91
6.2.1 Site Background 91
6.2.2 Resistivity Electrical Tomography 92
6.2.3 Reciprocal Theorem-Based Ultra-Seismic Inspection 92
6.2.4 Results and Discussion 93
Chapter 7. Conclusions 98
References 100
List of Publication 107
參考文獻 [1] H N Abramson, “Flexural Waves in Elastic Beams of Circular Cross Section,” The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp. 42-46, 1957.
[2] B A Auld, “Acoustic Fields, and Waves in Solids,” Volume II, 2nd edition, Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing Company, pp. 63-114, 1990.
[3] C N Baker, G Parikh, J L Briaud, E E Drumright, and F Mensah, “Drilled Shafts for Bridge Foundations,” Report No. FHWA-RD-92-004, Federal Highway Administration, McLean, VA., 1993.
[4] S C Baxter, O Islam, and S L Gassman, “Impulse Response Evaluation of Drilled Columns with Pile Caps: Modeling and Experiment”, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 169-177, 2004.
[5] J L Briaud, M Ballouz, and G Nasr, “Defect and Length Predictions by NDT Methods for Nine Bored Piles,” Deep Foundations 2002: An International Perspective on Theory, Design, Construction, and Performance, pp. 173-192, 2002.
[6] A G Davis, “Nondestructive Evaluation of Existing Deep Foundations,” Journal of Performance and Constructed Facilities, ASCE, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 57-74, 2007.
[7] A G Davis, and C S Dunn, “From Theory to Field Experience with Non-Destructive Vibration Testing of Piles,” Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Part 2: Research and Theory, Vol. 57, pp. 571-593, 1974.
[8] A G Davis, and B H Hertlein, “Development of Nondestructive Small-Strain Methods for Testing Deep Foundations: A Review Integrity Testing of Foundation,” Transportation Research Record, Vol. 1331, pp. 15-20, 1991.
[9] R J Finno, and S L Gassman, “Impulse Response Evaluation of Drilled Shafts,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 124, No. 10, pp. 965-975, 1998.
[10] R J Finno, S L Gassman, and P W Osborn, “Non-Destructive Evaluation of a Deep Foundation Test Section at the Northwestern University National Geotechnical Experimentation Site,” Report submitted to Federal Highway Administration, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1997.
[11] S L Gassman, and R J Finno, “Impulse Response Evaluation of Foundations Using Multiple Geophones,” Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, ASCE, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 82-89, 1999.
[12] S L Gassman, and R J Finno, “Cutoff Frequencies for Impulse Response Tests of Existing Foundations,” Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, ASCE, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 11-21, 2000.
[13] K F Graff, Wave Motion in Elastic Solids, New York, NY: Dover Publications, Inc, 1975.
[14] Geo-Institute Deep Foundations Committee, “Nondestructive Evaluation of Drilled Shafts,” Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 126, No. 1, pp. 92-95, 2000.
[15] A A Hanifah, “A Theoretical Evaluation of Guided Waves in Deep Foundations,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 1999.
[16] T M Hearne, K H Stokoe, and L C Reese, “Drilled Shaft Integrity by Wave Method,” Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 107, No. GT10, pp. 1327-1344, 1981.
[17] B H Hertlein, and A G Davis, Nondestructive Testing of Deep Foundations, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester, U.K, 2006.
[18] N-E Huang, Z Shen, S-R Long, M-C Wu., Q. Shin., H-H Zheng, N.-C Yen, C-C. Tung, and H-H Liu, “The Empirical Mode Decomposition and the Hilbert Spectrum for Nonlinear and Non-Stationary Time Series Analysis,” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 454, pp. 903-995, 1998.
[19] Y-H Huang. and, S-H Ni., “Experimental Study for the Evaluation of Stress Wave Approaches on a Group Pile Foundation,” NDT & E International, Vol. 47, pp. 134-143, 2012.
[20] G E Hudson, “Dispersion of Elastic Waves in Solid Circular Cylinders,” Physics Review, Vol. 63, pp. 46-51, 1943.
[21] H Kolsky, Stress Waves in Solids, Dover Publications, Inc. New York, U.S.A, 1963.
[22] S-T Liao, and J M Roesset, “Dynamic Response of Intact Piles to Impulse Loads,” International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, Vol. 21, Vol.4, pp. 255-275, 1997.
[23] K-F Lo, S-H Ni, and Y-H Huang, “Non-Destructive Test for Pile Beneath Bridge in the Time, Frequency, and Time-Frequency Domains Using Transient Loading,” Nonlinear Dynamics, Vol. 62, No. 1, pp. 349-360, 2010.
[24] T.R. Meeker, and A.H.Meitzler, “Guided Wave Propagation in Elongated Cylinders and Plates,” in Physical Acoustics, Volume 1, Part A, edited by Mason, W.P., New York, NY: Academic Press Inc., pp. 111-167, 1964.
[25] L D Olson, F Jalinoos, and M F Aouad, “Determination of Unknown Subsurface Bridge Foundations”, NCHRP Project No. E21-5, Olson Engineering, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A., 1998.
[26] Y-H Pao, and R D Mindlin, “Dispersion of Flexural Waves in an Elastic, Circular Cylinder,” Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 27, Series E, No. 3, pp. 513-520, 1960.
[27] Y-H Pao, “The Dispersion of Flexural Waves in an Elastic, Circular Cylinder- Part 2,” Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 29, Series E, No. 1, pp. 61-64, 1962.
[28] F Rausche , G Likins, and M Hussein, “Pile Integrity by Low and High Strain Impacts,” Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference on Application of Stress-Wave Theory to Piles, Ottawa, Canada, pp. 44-55, 1988.
[29] J R Rix, L J Jacobs, and C D Reichert, “Evaluation of Nondestructive Test Methods for Length, Diameter, and Stiffness Measurements on Drilled Shafts,” Transportation Research Record, Vol. 1415, pp. 69-77, 1993.
[30] D Royer,and E Dieulesaint, Elastic Waves in Solids I: Free and Guided Propagation, Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, pp. 16-23 and 261-331, 2000.
[31] S Sajid, and L Chouinard, “Impulse Response Test for Condition Assessment of Concrete: A Review,” Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 211, pp. 317-328, 2019.
[32] C-Y Wang, H Wang, H-J Wu, T.V. Nguyen, “A Verification Study on Bridge Pile Bent Foundations with Non-Destructive Depth Inspection Technique,” CECI Research Project No. 05929, CECI, Taipei, Taiwan. (in Chinese), 2018.
[33] C-P Yu, and S-T Liao, “Theoretical. Basis and Numerical Simulation of Impedance Log Test for Evaluating the Integrity of Columns and Piles,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 43, No. 12, pp. 1238-1248, 2006.
[34] J J Zemanek, “An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Elastic Wave Propagation in a Cylinder,” Ph.D. Dissertation, University California at Los Angles, Los Angles, CA, 1962.
[35] Chinese Institute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering (CICHE), “Bridge Inspection Method and Application,” Taipei, Taiwan, Scientific and Technical Publishing Co., Ltd., pp. 5-27~5-32, 2010.
[36] H Wang and C-H Hu, “Identification on Unknown Bridge Foundations Using Geophysical Inspecting Methods”, The e-Journal of Nondestructive Testing, Vol. 20, No. 11, pp. 905-912, 2015.
[37] H Wang, C-H. Hu, C-H. Hsieh, and S-H. Hsieh, “Depth Inspection on Scoured Bridges without Foundation Information”, Proceedings of the 29th Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems (SAGEEP 2016), Denver, Colorado, U.S.A., Paper ID No.: 38 (total 6 pages), 2016.
[38] J Lynch, “Experimental Verification of Flexural Guided Waves in Concrete Cylindrical Piles”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A., 2007.
[39] H Wang, “Theoretical Evaluation of Embedded Plate-Like and Solid Cylindrical Concrete Structures with Guided Waves”, Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A, 2004.
[40] H Wang, T-P. Chang, and J-J. Wang, “Response Analysis of Concrete Piles Subjected to Lateral Impact”, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 848-859, 2010.
[41] R J Finno, H Wang, and J J Lynch, “Flexural waves in nondestructive evaluation of drilled shafts,” GEO3: Industry in Action― GEO Construction Quality Assurance/ Quality Control (QA/QC) Conference Proceedings, ADSC, Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas, U.S.A., 341-352, 2005.
[42] G J Rix, L J Jacobs, P B Rhodes, and R Q Raparelli, “Nondestructive Assessment of Pile Tip Elevations Using Flexural Waves,” Georgia Department of Transportation Project No. 9406, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A, 1995.
[43] C-P Yu, and J M Roesset, “Determination of Pile Lengths Using Flexural Waves,” NCHRP Project E21-5, report for Olson Engineering, Inc., Golden, Colorado, U.S.A, 1995.
[44] CECI (China Engineering Consultants, Inc.), “Detailed design chart for the piers supporting a pretensioned concrete bridge in northeastern,” Taipei, Taiwan: CECI, 2009.
[45] CICHE (Chinese Institute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering), “Bridge inspection method and application,” Taipei, Taiwan: Scientific and Technical Publishing, 2010. [In Chinese]
[46] W Daily, A. Ramirez, A. Binley, and D. LaBrecque, “Electrical resistance tomography: Practice and theory.” In Near-Surface Geophysics: Investigations in Geophysics No. 13, edited by D. W. Butler, pp. 525-550, Tulsa, OK: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2005.
[47] M H Loke, “Electric Imaging surveys for environmental and engineering studies: A practical guide for 2-D and 3-D surveys,” Sunbyberg, Sweden: ABEM Instrument, 2000.
[48] M J Sansalone, and W B Streett, Impact-echo: Nondestructive Evaluation of Concrete and Masonry,Ithaca, NY: Bullbrier, 1997.
[49] Society of Exploration Geophysicists of Japan, Application manual of geophysical methods to engineering and environmental problems, Houten, Netherlands: European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers, 2014.
[50] H Wang, S-C Hsieh, C Lin, and C-Y Wang “Forensic diagnosis on flood-induced bridge failure. I: The determination of the possible causes of failure.” J. Perform. Constr. Facil. 28 (1): 76–84, 2014.
[51] H Wang, C-H Hu, and C-Y Wang, “NDT-based identification on an unknown bridge foundation,” e-J. Nondestr. Test. 20 (11): 888-896, 2015.
[52] W E Wightman, F Jalinoos, P Sirles, and K. Hanna, “Application of geophysical methods to highway related problems,” Rep. No. DTFH68-02-P-00083. Lakewood, CO: Central Federal Lands Highway Division, 2003.
[53] Y Lin, M J Sansalone, and N J Carino, “Impact-Echo Response of Concrete Shafts,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 14, No. 2, pp. 121-137, 1991.
[54] H C Chao, “An Experimental Model for Non-Destructive Evaluation on Pile Foundations Using Guided Wave Approach,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A, 2002.
[55] R J Finno, J S Popovics, A A Hanifah, W L Kath, H-C Chao, and Y-H Hu, “Guided Wave Interpretation of Surface Reflection Techniques for Deep Foundations,” Italian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 76-91, 2001.
[56] H Wang, B-T Chen, J-J Wang, and T-P Chang, “Identification of Resonant Frequency on Concrete Piles Using Guided Wave Theory,” Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Current Researches in Geotechnical Engineering in Taiwan, Yi-Lan, Taiwan, CD-ROM format, pp. C-04-1~C-04-6, 2009.
[57] N-E Huang, “Introduction to the Hilbert-Huang Transform and its Related Mathematical Problems,” in Hilbert-Huang Transform and its Applications, pp. 324-331, 2005.
[58] V R Schaefer and F Jalinoos, “Characterization of bridge foundations workshop,” Report No FHWA-HRT-13-101, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Infrastructure Research and Development, Virginia, USA, 2013.
[59] H Wang, “A simple approach to determine pile lengths using flexural wave frequency spectrum information,” Insight Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring, Vol 62, No 6, pp 357-364, 2020.
[60] S-H Ni, J-J Charng, and K-F Lo, “Non-destructive evaluation of in-isolation pile shaft integrity by Wigner-Ville distribution,” Journal of Mechanics, Vol 23, No 1, pp 15–21, 2007.
[61] M Subhani, J Li, B Samadi, and N Yan, “Determination of the embedded lengths of electricity timber poles utilising flexural wave generated from impacts,” Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol 14, No 1, pp 85-96, 2013.
[62] A T M Farid, “Prediction of unknown deep foundation lengths using the Hilbert Huang transform (HHT),” HBRC Journal, Vol 8, No 2, pp 123-131, 2012.
[63] S-H Ni, P-H Tsai, Y-Z Yang, and W-H Chou, “Improved approach for determining pile length of group pile using complex continuous wavelet transform,” Journal of Testing and Evaluation, Vol 47, No 3, pp 1920–1934, 2018.
[64] C-C Lin, P-L Liu, and P-L Yeh, “Application of empirical mode decomposition in the impact-echo test crack”, NDT & E Internal, Vol 42, No 7, pp 589–598, 2009.
[65] Deering, Ryan, and J F Kaiser, “The use of a masking signal to improve empirical mode decomposition,” Proceedings of the (ICASSP′05), IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Vol 4, pp 485- 488, 2005.
[66] C-H Juan, K T Nguyen, W-K Liang, A J Quinn, Y-H Chen, N G Muggleton, J-R Yeh, M W Woolrich, A C Nobre, Huang NE, “Revealing the dynamic nature of amplitude modulated neural entrainment with Holo-Hilbert spectral analysis,” Frontiers in Neuroscience, Vol 15, 2021.
[67] H Li, Y Zhang, and H Zheng, “Hilbert-Huang transform and marginal spectrum for detection and diagnosis of localised defects in roller bearings,” J Mech Sci Technol, Vol 23, No 2, pp 291-301, 2009.
[68] A Bedford, D S Drumheller , Introduction to Elastic Wave Propagation, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., New York, pp 83-89, 1994.
[69] W E Wightman, F Jalinoos, P Sirles, K Hanna, “Application of geophysical methods to highway related problems,” Report No. DTFH68-02-P-00083, Central Federal Lands Highway Division, Lakewood, Colorado, U.S.A, 2003.
[70] R J Finno, “1-D wave propagation techniques in foundation engineering,” In: The Art of Foundation Engineering Practice, Geotechnical Special Publication (GSP) No.198, West Palm Beach, Florida, U.S.A., 260-277, 2010.
[71] H Wang, C-H Hu, and C-Y Wang “NDT-based identification on an unknown bridge foundation,” Proceedings of the International Symposium on Non-Destructive Testing in Civil Engineering (NDT-CE 2015), Berlin, Germany, pp. 888-896, 2015.
[72] N C Smith, K Vozoff, “Two dimensional DC resistivity inversion for dipole–dipole data,” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing ,GE-22:21-28, 1984.
[73] Y Sasaki, “Resolution of resistivity tomography inferred from numerical simulation,” Geophysical Prospecting 40, No.4 , 453-464, 1992.
[74] T Dahlin, “2D resistivity surveying for environmental and engineering applications,” First Break 14, No.7, 275-283,1996.
[75] J Zhe, S Greenhalgh, L Marescot, “Multi-channel, full waveform and flexible electrode combination resistivity imaging system,” Geophysics 72, No.2, pp F57-F64, 2007.
[76] D LaBrecque, M Miletto, W Daily, A Ramirez, and E Owen, “The effects of noise on Occam’s inversion of resistivity tomography data,” Geophysics 61, No.2, pp. 538-548, 1996.
[77] M H Loke, R D Barker, “Rapid least-squares inversion of apparent resistivity pseudosections by a quasi-Newton method,” Geophysical Prospecting,” 44(1), pp. 131-152, 1996.
[78] P Mauriello, D Monna, D Patella, “3-D geoelectric tomography and archaeological applications,” Geophysical Prospecting, 46(5), 543-570, 1998.
[79] P Mauriello, D Patella, “Resistivity anomaly imaging by probability tomography,” Geophysical Prospecting, 47(3), pp. 411-429,1999.
[80] B Zhou, S A Greenhalgh, “Explicit expressions and numerical calculations for the Fréchet and second derivatives in 2.5D Helmholtz equation inversion,” Geophysical Prospecting, 47(4), pp. 443-468, 1999.
[81] M H Loke, J E Chambers, D F Rucker, O Kuras, P B Wilkinson, “Recent development in the direct-current geoelectrical imaging method,” Journal of Applied Geophysics, 95, pp. 135-156, 2013.
[82] T Dahlin, B Zhou, “A numerical comparison of 2D resistivity imaging with 10 electrode arrays,” Geophysical Prospecting, 52(5), pp. 379-398, 2004.
[83] R Persico, S Piro, and N Linford, Editors, Innovation in Near-Surface Geophysics: Instrumentation, Application, and Data Processing Methods. Elsevier, 2018.
[84] C-H Hu and M-H Chen, “Resistivity Image Lateral Detection Applied to Investigation of Unknown Bridge Pier Foundation,” Taiwan Professional Civil Engineers Association, No 646, 2009. (http://www.twce.org.tw/modules/ freecontent/include .php?fname=twce/paper/646/3-1.htm) [In Chinese]
指導教授 王仲宇(Chung-Yue Wang) 審核日期 2023-2-1
推文 facebook   plurk   twitter   funp   google   live   udn   HD   myshare   reddit   netvibes   friend   youpush   delicious   baidu   
網路書籤 Google bookmarks   del.icio.us   hemidemi   myshare   

若有論文相關問題,請聯絡國立中央大學圖書館推廣服務組 TEL:(03)422-7151轉57407,或E-mail聯絡  - 隱私權政策聲明