混燒飛灰中鋁金屬含量檢測方法建立暨濕式處理成效評估之研究

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曾煜翔(Yu-Hsiang Tseng) 查詢紙本館藏

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土木工程學系

論文名稱

混燒飛灰中鋁金屬含量檢測方法建立暨濕式處理成效評估之研究

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摘要(中)

固體再生燃料(SRF)由可燃性廢棄物製造而來，這類廢棄物包括民生廢棄物，例如塑膠、紙張及木材等。其中，部分來源再製成固體再生燃料因有鋁箔物質存在，與燃煤於CFB鍋爐進行混燒所衍生之混燒飛灰則因殘留鋁金屬物質，使得其再利用於水泥基材料中產生高度膨脹現象。

本研究針對國內CFB鍋爐衍生之混燒飛灰進行材料性質分析，探討混燒飛灰應用於水泥基材料之膨脹因子。經研究結果顯示，混燒飛灰中之殘留鋁金屬成分於鹼性環境時，因氫氣產生進而造成試體高度膨脹。為提供鍋爐操作業者或再利用業者得以快速確認混燒飛灰具有產氫膨脹特性，建立混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測，以5分鐘試驗時間，即可有效鑑別混燒飛灰中殘留鋁金屬成分，即使混燒飛灰鋁金屬含量僅殘留0.02%，仍可藉由快篩檢測有效判別混燒飛灰中可反應性鋁金屬成分存在。此外，為量化混燒飛灰中可反應性鋁金屬含量，建立混燒飛灰鋁金屬含量檢測，並選定1.0M氫氧化鈉作為檢測試劑，即使混燒飛灰鋁金屬僅殘留0.02%，仍可有效檢出。

最後，將具膨脹性混燒飛灰以濕式處理製作鹼激發砂漿試體，可發現試體已無高度膨脹現象發生，確認濕式處理可有效消弭研究之兩種混燒飛灰中可反應性鋁金屬。

摘要(英)

Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) is produced from combustible waste, which includes domestic waste such as plastics, paper, and wood. Notably, some of this waste is reprocessed into SRF and contains aluminum foil material. When co-fired with coal in a Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler, the resulting fly ash retains aluminum metal substances. Consequently, its reuse in cement-based materials leads to volume expansion phenomena.

This study carried out material property analysis on co-fired fly ash derived from domestic Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boilers, investigating the expansion factor of co-fired fly ash applied to cement-based materials. The research findings reveal that the residual aluminum content in the co-fired fly ash leads to significant expansion of the specimens due to hydrogen production in an alkaline environment. In order to provide a quick identification method for boiler operators or recycling businesses to confirm the hydrogen expansion characteristics of co-fired fly ash, a rapid aluminum content screening test for co-fired fly ash has been established. This test allows effective identification of residual aluminum content in the co-fired fly ash within a 5-minute test period, even if the aluminum content is as low as 0.02%. In addition, to quantify the reactive aluminum content in co-fired fly ash, an aluminum content detection method for co-fired fly ash has been established, choosing 1.0M sodium hydroxide as the detection reagent. This method can effectively detect the presence of aluminum, even if the co-fired fly ash only contains a residual aluminum content of 0.02%.

Finally, expansive co-fired fly ash was subjected to wet treatment to produce alkali-activated mortar specimens. It was observed that the specimens no longer exhibited significant expansion, confirming that the wet treatment effectively eliminates the reactive aluminum present in the two types of co-fired fly ash studied.

關鍵字(中)

★ 固體再生燃料
★ 流體化床鍋爐
★ 含鋁金屬之混燒飛灰
★ 混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測
★ 混燒飛灰鋁金屬含量檢測
★ 濕式處理

關鍵字(英)

★ Solid Recovered Fuel
★ Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler
★ Aluminum-Containing Co-fired Fly Ash
★ Rapid Aluminum Content Screening Test for Co-fired Fly Ash
★ Content Detection in Co-fired Fly Ash
★ Wet Treatment

論文目次

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目錄 iv
表目錄 i
圖目錄 viii
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 研究緣起 1
1.2 研究背景 2
1.3 研究動機 2
1.4 研究目的 3
第二章、文獻探討 5
2.1 燃料種類及定義 5
2.2 固體再生燃料規範及品質標準 6
2.3 工業鍋爐 10
2.3.1 鍋爐類型 10
2.3.2 循環式流體化床鍋爐脫硝與脫硫反應 15
2.4 混燒飛灰 18
2.4.1 混燒飛灰來源及再利用現況 18
2.4.2 混燒飛灰材料特性 21
2.5 廢棄物中含有殘留鋁金屬物質之影響 23
2.5.1 含鋁物質廢棄物應用於水泥砂漿之膨脹現象 23
2.5.2 鋁金屬顆粒經高溫燃燒後僅於表面產生氧化層 26
2.5.3 灰渣之可反應鋁金屬含量推估 29
2.6 水浸泡處理 31
2.6.1 水浸泡處理機理說明 31
2.6.2 水浸泡處理之應用 31
2.7 鹼浸泡處理 32
2.7.1 鹼浸泡處理機理說明 32
2.7.2 鹼浸泡處理之應用 34
2.8 鋁金屬於高溫燃燒後之質量變化及表面氧化狀態 36
2.9 含鋁金屬混燒飛灰與水泥拌合之膨脹特性表徵 38
2.10 鹼激發處理 39
第三章、實驗材料與研究方法 41
3.1 研究方法及實驗流程 41
3.2 研究材料 47
3.2.1 研究之混燒飛灰來源 47
3.2.2 實驗材料 48
3.3 實驗設備與儀器 51
3.4 材料實驗方法 60
3.4.1 材料實驗方法 60
3.5 試驗代號說明 70
第四章、實驗結果與研究分析 71
4.1 混燒飛灰材料基本性質分析 71
4.1.1 混燒飛灰物理及化學性質 71
4.1.2 混燒飛灰之XRD分析 73
4.1.3 混燒飛灰SEM/EDS分析 74
4.1.4 混燒飛灰TGA分析 78
4.2 混燒飛灰水泥砂漿試驗 81
4.2.1 凝結時間 81
4.2.2 強度活性指數 83
4.2.3 高度膨脹量 85
4.3 混燒飛灰膨脹特性 87
4.3.1 游離氧化鈣（free-CaO） 87
4.3.2 延遲性鈣礬石 90
4.3.3 可反應鋁金屬 93
4.4 混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測（定性分析） 96
4.4.1 混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測材料說明 96
4.4.2 混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測步驟說明 97
4.4.3 混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測步驟建立 107
4.4.4 驗證混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測方法之可行性 109
4.4.5 混燒飛灰鋁金屬快篩檢測小結 110
4.5 混燒飛灰鋁金屬含量檢測（定量分析） 111
4.5.1 可反應性鋁金屬含量檢測方法（產氫量測法） 111
4.5.2 加氣混凝土用鋁粉膏(JCT 407-2008) 116
4.5.3 模擬水泥中孔隙溶液 118
4.5.4 混燒飛灰鋁金屬含量檢測方法小結 120
4.6 含鋁金屬混燒飛灰濕式處理 123
4.6.1 未處理之鹼激發砂漿試驗 123
4.6.2 濕式處理 128
4.6.3 濕式處理後產氫量測法試驗 130
4.6.4 濕式處理後高度膨脹量試驗 132
4.6.5 濕式處理後抗壓強度試驗 133
第五章、結論與建議 135
5.1 研究結論與貢獻 135
5.2 建議及未來研究方向 137
參考文獻 139
附錄-1（不同固液比） 143
附錄-2（拌合順序） 147

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指導教授

黃偉慶(Wei-Hsing Huang)

審核日期

2023-7-20

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