於近化學計量條件之預混氨/空氣火焰最小引燃能量量測使用奈秒重覆脈衝放電

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姓名

楊詠森(Yong-Sen Yang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

於近化學計量條件之預混氨/空氣火焰最小引燃能量量測使用奈秒重覆脈衝放電
(Measurements of Minimum Ignition Energy for Premixed Ammonia/Air Flames Near-Stoichiometry Condition Using Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed Discharges)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2024-12-31以後開放)

摘要(中)

本論文使用奈秒重覆脈衝放電(Nanosecond Repetitively Pulsed Discharges, NRPD)，針對氨氣/空氣混合燃氣在當量比 = 1、固定電極間距dgap = 2 mm及重覆脈衝頻率PRF = 40 kHz之條件下，量測最小引燃能量(Minimum Ignition Energy, MIE)隨均方根擾動速度(u′)之變化關係，MIE為具50%引燃機率的能量。引燃實驗在一大型高壓雙腔體之十字型預混紊流燃燒器中進行，其腔體正中心處設有一對不銹鋼之尖端電極以進行放電，且在大水平圓管腔體兩側各裝有一風扇，可透過反向旋轉特製扇葉在中心處產生一近似等向性紊流場。首先，在層流條件下，使用不同當量比( = 0.9、1.0和1.1)來進行層流MIE (MIEL)之量測，結果顯示，MIEL = 80.4, 72.6 和71.8 mJ 在  = 0.9, 1.0和1.1，即MIEL值會隨著值的增加而下降。再者，我們選擇  = 1.0的條件，進行紊流MIE (MIET)之量測，我們找到一MIE轉變，即在u′小於一臨界u′c ≈ 1 m/s時，MIET值會隨著u′的增加而緩慢上升，但當u′ > u′c時，MIET值則會隨u′值增加而急遽攀升。同樣地，本研究也有找出氨氣之正規化MIET/MIEL與火核反應區Péclet數(Pe = u′k/RZ)之關係，其中k為Kolmogorov長度尺度，RZ (≈ SLδRZ)為反應區熱擴散係數，SL為層流火焰速度，δRZ為層流火焰厚度，並發現其臨界Pec ≈ 4.4，與本實驗室之前量測到的甲烷/空氣(Pec ≈ 4.5)及汽油替代燃料(Pec ≈ 4.2)之結果接近。最後，在電極間距dgap = 1 mm時，即使使用數千個NRPD脈衝（總能量約為2 J），也無法成功引燃在化學計量之氨氣/空氣混合燃氣。前述結果，對以氨為燃料正發展中發電用之燃氣輪機的引燃，應有所助益。

摘要(英)

This thesis measures the minimum ignition energy (MIE) of the stoichiometric ammonia/air mixture as a function of root-mean-square (r.m.s) turbulent fluctuation velocities (u′). Using nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges (NRPD) via a pair of stainless-steel electrodes with sharp ends at a fixed inter-electrode gap (dgap = 2 mm) and at a fixed pulsed repetitive frequency (PRF = 40 kHz). Ignition experiments are conducted in a dual-chamber, fan-stirred cruciform burner capable of generating near-isotropic turbulence. First, values of laminar MIE (MIEL) are measured at three different equivalence ratios ( = 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1 )；MIEL decreases with increasing , MIEL = 80.4, 72.6 and 71.8 mJ at  = 0.9, 1.0 and 1.1, respectively。Second, at the selected  = 1.0, a MIE transition is found. When u′ is less than a critical value of u′c ≈ 1 m/s, turbulent MIE (MIET) only increases gradually with increasing u′. But when u′ > u′c, a drastic increase of MIET is observed. We also find a function of normalized MIET/MIEL and Péclet number (Pe = u′k/RZ) for ammonia/air mixture, where k is the Kolmogorov length scale and the reaction zone thermal diffusivity RZ (≈ SLδRZ)；SL is the laminar burning velocity and δRZ is the laminar flame thickness. It is found the critical Pec occurs at a value of about 4.4 which is very close to the methane/air mixture (Pec ≈ 4.5) and the primary reference automobile fuel/air mixture (Pec ≈ 4.2) our laboratory done before. Finally, when dgap = 1 mm, even using several thousands of NRPD pulses (total energy ~ 2J) cannot ignite the ammonia/air mixture at  = 1.0 and at PRF = 40 kHz. These results may be useful to our understanding of ignition for the developing ammonia gas turbines for electricity generation.

關鍵字(中)

★ 奈秒重覆脈衝放電
★ 最小引燃能量
★ 當量比效應
★ 紊流效應
★ 紊流效應、最小引燃能量轉變

關鍵字(英)

★ nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges
★ minimum ignition energy
★ equivalent ratio effect
★ turbulence effect
★ minimum ignition energy transition

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 i
Abstract iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 ix
符號說明 x
Greek Symbol xi
第一章前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 探討問題 2
1.3研究目標 3
1.4 論文架構 4
第二章文獻回顧 5
2.1 氨的特性及應用 5
2.2 電漿(Plasma)型態及其反應機制 7
2.3 非平衡態電漿對於引燃的促進機制 9
2.4奈秒重覆脈衝放電(NRPD)促進引燃機制 11
2.5 定義成功引燃與最小引燃能量(MIE)的量測 14
2.6最小引燃能量轉變(MIE Transition) 15
第三章實驗設備與測量方法 16
3.1 實驗設備 16
3.1.1 高溫高壓十字型預混紊流燃燒設備 16
3.1.2 影像擷取系統 18
3.1.3 奈秒重複脈衝放電 19
3.2 奈秒重覆脈衝放電之最小引燃能量量測 21
3.3 燃氣當量比計算 23
3.4 實驗步驟 25
第四章結果與討論 27
4.1氨火焰影像擷取 27
4.2 層流條件下不同當量比之MIE 28
4.3 氨氣的最小引燃能量轉變過程(MIE Transition) 29
第五章結論與未來工作 36
5.1 結論 36
5.2未來工作 37
參考文獻 38

參考文獻

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指導教授

施聖洋(Shenq-Yang Shy)

審核日期

2022-12-2

推文