A356、A206及AC2B合金重力鑄造分析 —孔洞、氧化膜及熱裂之基礎研究

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姓名

李奕縉(Yi-Jin Li) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

機械工程學系

論文名稱

A356、A206及AC2B合金重力鑄造分析 —孔洞、氧化膜及熱裂之基礎研究

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摘要(中)

本研究以A356(Al-Si-Mg)、A206(Al-Cu-Mg)及AC2B(Al-Si-Cu)三種不同元素比例之鋁合金進行金屬模重力鑄造實驗，實驗目的為經由本實驗探索三種不同合金元素比例之鋁合金於鑄造實務上的氧化膜生成、孔洞缺陷程度及熱裂缺陷發生的條件，並透過調整鑄造參數如模具預熱溫度來改善問題。
實驗結果顯示模具預熱溫度的提高及超音波震盪輔助對於孔洞缺陷的產生有高度正相關，尤其是對於A356合金的提升更是明顯，而熱裂缺陷僅發生在A206合金，推測是其高含量的銅元素導致冷卻速度過快及凝固區間太大而產生，超音波震盪後的A356及AC2B其氧化膜形式有很大的不同，前者主要呈現集中在孔洞區域附近，而後者多為平均散佈在表面。
關鍵字:A356、A206、AC2B、重力鑄造、氧化膜、孔洞率、熱裂缺陷

摘要(英)

This study conducted metal mold gravity casting experiments using three different aluminum alloy compositions: A356 (Al-Si-Mg), A206 (Al-Cu-Mg), and AC2B (Al-Si-Cu). The purpose of the experiment was to explore the formation of oxide films, the degree of porosity defects, and the conditions for hot cracking defects in these three different elemental ratio aluminum alloys during practical casting. Additionally, adjustments to casting parameters, such as mold preheating temperature, were made to address these issues.
The experimental results showed a significant positive correlation between the increase in mold preheating temperature and the generation of porosity defects, especially in the case of A356 alloy. Hot cracking defects were observed only in the A206 alloy, possibly due to its high copper content, which led to rapid cooling and a wide solidification range. After ultrasonic vibration assistance, there were significant differences in the oxide film formation between A356 and AC2B alloys. In the former, oxide films were predominantly concentrated near the vicinity of pores, while in the latter, they were more evenly distributed on the surface.
Keywords:A356、A206、AC2B、gravity casting、oxidation film、porisity rate、hot cracking defect

關鍵字(中)

★ A356
★ A206
★ AC2B
★ 重力鑄造
★ 氧化膜
★ 孔洞率

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII
第一章前言 1
第二章文獻回顧 2
2-1 鋁合金介紹 2
2-1-1 A206合金介紹 2
2-1-2 A356合金介紹 3
2-1-3 AC2B鋁合金介紹 4
2-2 氫氣對鑄造鋁合金氣孔的形成之影響 5
2-2-1 影響氫氣溶解度對氣孔形成的變數 5
2-2-2 合金元素對氫氣溶解度的影響 5
2-2-3 固液狀態對氫氣溶解度的影響 6
2-2-4 凝固速度/冷卻速率對氫氣溶解度的影響 7
2-2-5 晶粒細化劑添加對氫氣溶解度的影響 7
2-3 鋁合金鑄造常見之熱裂缺陷 9
2-3-1 合金元素比例對熱裂缺陷之影響 10
2-3-2 模具預熱溫度對熱裂缺陷之影響 11
2-3-3 鑄造溫度對熱裂缺陷之影響 14
2-3-4 晶粒細化劑的添加對熱裂程度影響 16
2-4 鋁合金鑄造過程之氧化膜缺陷 18
2-4-1 氧化膜的生成及對鋁合金的影響 18
2-4-2 氧化膜的檢測方法 18
2-4-3 超音波震盪檢測氧化膜之原理 19
2-5 影響氧化膜生成的因素 20
2-5-1 除氣處理對氧化膜生成的影響 20
2-5-2 不同元素比例對氧化膜的影響 21
第三章實驗方法與步驟 24
3-1 實驗材料 24
3-2 實驗設備與儀器 24
3-3 實驗步驟 30
第四章結果與討論 33
4-1 熱裂發生成因及影響要素 33
4-2 A356及AC2B熱裂結果 34
4-3 A206熱裂結果 36
4-4 模具預熱溫度對鑄件孔洞面積之影響 41
4-4-1 模具預熱溫度的改變對A356鑄件孔洞面積對比 41
4-4-2 模具預熱溫度的改變對AC2B鑄件孔洞面積對比 48
4-5 不同鋁合金元素比例對鑄件孔洞面積對比 55
4-6 超音波震盪前後對鑄件孔洞面積對比 57
4-7 超音波震盪前後對A356鑄件孔洞面積對比 57
4-7-1 超音波震盪前後對模具預熱溫度300℃之A356鑄件孔洞面積對比 57
4-7-2 超音波震盪前後對模具預熱溫度400℃之A356鑄件孔洞面積對比 60
4-8 超音波震盪前後對AC2B鑄件孔洞面積對比 66
4-8-1 超音波震盪前後對模具預熱溫度300℃之AC2B鑄件孔洞面積對比 66
4-8-2 超音波震盪前後對模具預熱溫度400℃之AC2B鑄件孔洞面積對比 71
4-9 氧化膜分析 77
第五章結論 83
參考文獻 84

參考文獻

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指導教授

施登士

審核日期

2023-10-4

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