有機合成含有β-二酮及吡唑基團之有機小分子電洞傳輸材料並探討其共軛結構與誘導效應對於反式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的影響

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葉寶琳(Bao-Lin Yeh) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

有機合成含有β-二酮及吡唑基團之有機小分子電洞傳輸材料並探討其共軛結構與誘導效應對於反式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的影響
(Synthesis of β-diketone and pyrazole based hole-transport materials and investigation of their conjugation and inductive effects on the performance of the inverted perovskite solar cells.)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-7-5以後開放)

摘要(中)

隨著經濟高度發展，能源需求與日俱增，石化燃料的使用造成碳排放量大增，隨之產生的溫室氣體造成環境極大負擔，而全球環保意識的崛起，讓永續發展成為刻不容緩的議題，因此近年來替代能源的研究逐漸受到重視，太陽能電池是其中一大發展方向，但現今常見的矽晶太陽能電池有著成本昂貴、原料來源有限等缺點，因此出現許多新型太陽能電池。其中，鈣鈦礦太陽能電池，近10年來有著顯著的發展，由美國國家再生能源組織(NREL)研究統計指出，近10年鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的PCE上升超過10%，已然成為新興太陽能電池中最具發展潛力的電池種類。而在眾多影響效率表現的因素中，電子傳輸層及電洞傳輸層的性質扮演著至關重要的角色。
本篇研究主要以有機合成的方式合成兩個不同系列的有機小子電洞傳輸材料(HTM)。第一個DK系列，為共軛供體-受體(Donor-Acceptor) 的結構組成，以β-diketone作為HTM的π共軛結構中心，連接上具有不同的推拉電子基團的苯環及無共軛的結構作為Acceptor，探討分子對稱性與共軛長度及誘導效應對電洞傳輸材料的性質影響。第二個DKZN系列為DK系列的衍生，為共軛供體-受體(Donor-Acceptor) 的結構組成，以Pyrazole(吡唑)作為HTM的π共軛結構中心，連接上具有不同的推拉電子基團的苯環作為Acceptor，探討誘導效應及Pyrazole結構對於電洞傳輸材料的光電性質影響。

摘要(英)

As the economy develops rapidly, the demand for energy continues to rise, leading to a significant increase in carbon emissions from the use of petrochemical fuels. The resulting greenhouse gases pose a tremendous burden on the environment. The rise of global environmental awareness has made sustainable development an urgent issue. Consequently, research on alternative energy sources has been increasingly emphasized in recent years, with solar energy being one of the major directions. However, conventional silicon solar cells suffer from drawbacks such as high costs and limited raw material sources, prompting the exploration of new types of solar cells. Among them, perovskite solar cells have seen significant development in the past decade, with their power conversion efficiency (PCE) increasing by over 10%, making them the most promising type of emerging solar cells. This study focuses on synthesizing two different series of organic small molecule hole-transporting materials (HTMs). The first series, DK series, consists of β-diketone as the π-conjugated structure center. Various electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups are attached to the benzene ring as acceptors, investigating the effects of inductive effect and molecular symmetry on the properties of hole-transporting materials. The second series, DKZN series, is a derivative of the DK series, featuring Pyrazole as the π-conjugated structure center. Different electron-withdrawing groups are attached to the the benzene ring as acceptors, exploring the effects of inductive effect and the pyrazole structure on the optoelectronic properties of the hole-transporting materials.

關鍵字(中)

★ 鈣鈦礦
★ 反式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
★ 電洞傳輸材料
★ 有機小分子電洞傳輸材料

關鍵字(英)

★ perovskite
★ inverted perovskite solar cells
★ hole-transport materials
★ organic small molecule hole-transport materials

論文目次

摘要 VI
ABSTRACT VII
誌謝 VIII
目錄 X
圖目錄 XIII
表目錄 XVI
一、緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2太陽能電池 3
1-3鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 5
1-4電池元件基本結構 7
1-5鈣鈦礦太陽能電池工作原理 11
1-6太陽能電池光伏參數 12
1-7電洞傳輸層文獻回顧 14
1-7-1 線型結構 (Linear‒type) 14
1-7-2星型結構 (Star‒shape) 17
1-7-3螺旋型結構 (Spiro‒type) 19
1-7-4不對稱型結構 (Asymmetric type) 21
1-8自組裝單層膜 (SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS, SAMS) 22
1-9自組裝單層膜(SAMS)文獻回顧 23
二、結構設計概念及動機 24
2-1 DK SERIES 24
2-2 DKZN SERIES 29
三、結果與討論 33
3-1 DK SERIES 33
3-1-1 DK series合成策略 33
3-1-2密度泛函理論計算 (Density Functional Theory, DFT) 35
3-1-3物理性質及光學分析 44
3-1-3-1熱穩定性分析TGA 44
3-1-3-2 UV-VIS 紫外-可見光吸收光譜 45
3-1-3-3 CV 電化學性質分析 48
3-2 DKZN SERIES 54
3-2-1 DKZN series合成策略 54
3-2-2密度泛函理論計算 (Density Functional Theory, DFT) 55
3-2-3物理性質與光學及電化學分析 60
3-2-3-1熱穩定性分析TGA 60
3-2-3-2 UV-VIS 紫外-可見光吸收光譜 61
3-2-3-3 CV 電化學性質分析 62
3-3 DK系列化合物之電洞傳輸能力 66
3-3-1薄膜態光致發光光譜Photoluminescence spectra (PL film) 66
3-3-2電洞遷移率Hole-mobility (ITO/HTM/Ag) 67
3-4 DK 系列化合物之元件穩定性分析 69
3-4-1接觸角測試Contact Angles 69
3-4-2元件長期穩定性測試Long-term stability 71
3-5反式鈣鈦礦太陽能電池元件初步效率 73
3-5-1 DK 系列 73
3-5-2 DKZN 系列 74
3-6電洞傳輸材料之成本計算 75
3-6-1 DK Series 75
3-6-2 DKZN Series 79
四、結論及未來發展方向 80
4-1 DK SERIES 80
4-2 DKZN SERIES 81
五、實驗藥品、儀器及合成與光譜數據 83
5-1實驗藥品 83
5-2實驗儀器 83
5-2-1 核磁共振光譜儀 (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, NMR) 83
5-2-2超高解析質譜儀 (High Mass Spectrometry) 84
5-2-3電化學分析儀 (Electrochemical Analyzer) 84
5-2-4紫外光-可見光光譜儀 (UV-Vis Spectrophotometer) 84
5-2-5 熱重分析儀 (Thermogravimetric Analyzer) 85
5-2-6 光致發光光譜(Photoluminescence Spectrophotometer) 85
5-2-7 元件長期穩定性及電洞遷移率量測所使用之相關儀器 85
5-2-8接觸角量測所使用之相關儀器 85
5-3 DK SERIES合成步驟及光譜數據 86
5-4 DKZN SERIES合成步驟及光譜數據 92
參考文獻 94
附錄 98

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指導教授

李文仁(Wen-Ren Li)

審核日期

2024-7-26

推文