公共污水處理廠污泥脫水濾液流體化床結晶產物特性之研究

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秦維潔(Wei-Chieh Chin) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

公共污水處理廠污泥脫水濾液流體化床結晶產物特性之研究
(A study of crystals characteristics of FBC reactor for resource recovery from sludge dewatering filtrate)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2026-12-31以後開放)

摘要(中)

磷為不可再生資源且為生命體組成的重要營養物質之一，當過多的磷排放至水體當中不僅對於生態產生負面影響，亦對人體造成危害。而面對大量的磷資源流失，如何有效地將其資源化及回收，並同時達到循環經濟，是現階段較受矚目的議題。本研究預計使用流體化床結晶技術，從厭氧消化污泥脫水濾液中回收磷，並探討調整流體化床pH值對於晶體結構的改變。
首先，探討實際厭氧消化脫水濾液中較適合結晶之pH範圍，而本研究所採取pH範圍為8.0至9.5之間，經長期結晶試驗後，其結果顯示於pH = 9時，展現最佳磷去除率為64.4 %以及磷結晶率56.4 %。其次，選擇最佳pH範圍為9的條件下進行Mg2+離子之添加，使其Mg/P比為1.2的條件下進行長期試驗，而其結果表明最佳磷去除率達89.8 %、磷結晶率達85.4 %，因此本研究確認pH以及Mg/P比對於結晶均具有顯著影響。
SEM結果表明當水中含有懸浮固體時，其結晶外觀呈粗糙且具有不規則裂痕；而水中含有機物時，其結晶形態呈現矩形塊狀。此外，較高的迴流比以及上流速度會使結晶的表面較為光滑，故水中雜質(懸浮固體、有機物)以及操作條件(上流速度、迴流比)對於結晶形態有顯著的影響。
據XRD結果表明，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ階段其結晶產物為混晶，其包括羥基磷灰石、磷酸鎂以及磷酸銨鎂；Ⅳ、Ⅴ階段結晶產物為磷酸銨鎂、磷酸鎂以及第Ⅵ階段為磷酸鎂，且於第Ⅳ階段XRD圖中發現衍射峰有明顯的偏移，係由於晶體中Ca2+的存在所導致。此外，篩分析結果表明，本研究所採集之晶體粒徑尺寸主要為0.6–0.85 mm，而於第Ⅲ階段可發現超過1.18 mm之晶體存在，這是由於高晶核密度所導致。

摘要(英)

Phosphorus is a non-renewable resource and one of the essential nutrients for living organisms. When excessive phosphorus is discharged into water bodies, it not only negatively impacts the ecosystem but also poses a risk to human health. In the face of significant phosphorus resource loss, how to effectively recycle and resource phosphorus while achieving a circular economy has become a highly focused issue. This study plans to use fluidized bed crystallization technology to recover phosphorus from dewatering filtrate of anaerobically digested sludge and explore how adjusting the pH value of the fluidized bed affects the crystal structure.
First, the study investigates the optimal pH range for crystallization in actual dewatering filtrate from anaerobic digestion. The pH range chosen for this study is between 8.0 and 9.5. After long-term crystallization experiments, the results show that at pH = 9, the best phosphorus removal rate was 64.4 % and the phosphorus crystallization rate was 56.4 %. Next, under the optimal pH range of 9, Mg2+ ions were added to achieve a Mg/P ratio of 1.2 for long-term testing. The results showed that the best phosphorus removal rate reached 89.8 %, and the phosphorus crystallization rate reached 85.4 %. Therefore, this study confirms that both pH and the Mg/P ratio have a significant impact on crystallization.
SEM results indicate that when suspended solids are present in the water, the crystal appearance is rough with irregular cracks. When organic matter is present, the crystal shape is rectangular and block-like. Additionally, a higher recirculation ratio and upward flow velocity result in smoother crystal surfaces. Therefore, the presence of impurities (suspended solids, organic matter) in the water and operational conditions (upflow velocity, recycle ratio) have a significant impact on crystal morphology.
According to the XRD results, during stages I, II, and III, the crystallized products are mixed crystals, including hydroxyapatite, magnesium phosphate, and ammonium magnesium phosphate. During stages IV and V, the crystallized products are ammonium magnesium phosphate and magnesium phosphate, and in stage VI, the product is magnesium phosphate. Additionally, in the XRD pattern of stage IV, a noticeable shift in the diffraction peaks is observed, which is caused by the presence of Ca2+ ions in the crystals. Additionally, sieve analysis results indicate that the crystal size collected in this study is mainly between 0.6 – 0.85 mm, while crystals larger than 1.18 mm are observed in stage III due to the high crystal nucleation density.

關鍵字(中)

★ 磷回收
★ 厭氧消化污泥脫水濾液
★ 流體化床異相結晶
★ 磷酸銨鎂
★ 羥基磷灰石

關鍵字(英)

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract ii
圖摘要 iv
致謝 v
目錄 vi
圖目錄 ix
表目錄 xii
第一章前言 1
1.1研究緣起 1
1.2研究目的 2
1.3研究重要性與創新性 2
第二章文獻回顧 3
2.1磷 3
2.1.1磷循環 3
2.1.2磷流佈 5
2.1.3磷回收技術 9
2.2厭氧消化污泥脫水濾液 10
2.2.1廢水處理廠污泥脫水流程 10
2.2.2厭氧消化污泥脫水濾液特性 11
2.3流體化床 14
2.3.1流體化床原理 14
2.3.2結晶機制 15
2.3.3流體化床操作參數 16
2.4磷酸鹽 19
2.4.1磷酸鈣鹽類結晶之特性 23
2.4.2磷酸鎂鹽類結晶之特性 24
2.4.4磷源和氨源 26
2.4.5鎂源 26
2.4.5結晶參數 27
第三章研究方法 31
3.1研究流程及步驟 31
3.2實驗方法 33
3.2.1水質分析 33
3.2.2流體化床長期結晶實驗 33
3.3實驗設備及藥品 37
3.3.1分光光度計(UV-Vis) 38
3.3.2感應耦合電漿光學發射光譜儀(ICP-OES) 39
3.3.3掃描式電子顯微鏡/能量散射光譜儀(SEM/EDS) 39
3.3.4 X光繞射儀(XRD) 40
3.3.5篩分析 40
第四章結果與討論 41
4.1流體化床長期試驗 41
4.1.1各階段厭氧消化污泥脫水濾液水質特性分析 41
4.1.3評估不同條件下對於效率之影響 52
4.2晶相分析 63
4.2.1 SEM 63
4.2.2 EDS 65
4.2.3 XRD 81
4.3篩分析 86
第五章結論與建議 89
5.1結論 89
5.2建議 90
參考文獻 91

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指導教授

莊順興

審核日期

2024-11-26

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