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姓名 紀國瑞(Guo-Ray Ji) 查詢紙本館藏 畢業系所 電機工程學系 論文名稱 數位聽診器之原型
(A Prototype of Digital Stethoscopes)相關論文 檔案 [Endnote RIS 格式]
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摘要(中) 人體組織中,不同的器官構造有其不同的功能來維持人體的正常運作,心臟和肺臟就是相當重要的兩個器官。心臟和肺臟在運作過程中有其特殊的心音和肺音,也有其不同的聲音頻率範圍。而當有心臟或肺臟有異常症狀的時候,其心音和肺音也會有異常聲音,而這異常聲音也往往是醫師診斷病人的重要依據之一。
本研究在於製作一電子式聽診器,除了能聽到心音和肺音之外,更將兩種聲音由電腦顯示出心音圖和肺音圖。首先由電容式麥克風將聲能轉成電能,經過放大電路和濾波電路,使欲擷取的聲音頻率範圍通過後,可透過喇叭直接聽取聲音,減少醫師戴上傳統耳栓式聽診器造成耳朵酸痛。其中在放大電路中加上了自動準位調整的回授電路,目的在於避免當有較大能量的異常肺音而可能造成的飽和輸出電壓。除了透過喇叭直接聽取聲音之外,另外經過放大和濾波後的心肺音訊號,使其經過平移電路,將輸出電壓範圍固定在0 V到5 V內,接著以微處理器dsPIC30F2010執行類比數位轉換,經由RS232傳輸到電腦端接收,以軟體LabVIEW顯示心音圖和肺音圖,作為醫師診斷病人的另一項重要輔助工具。
本研究亦對本系統作了詳細的測試研究,確保成果能符合本研究最初之所求。摘要(英) A Prototype of Digital Stethoscopes
Abstract
Heart and lung have their own special functions to make human body work normally. The two organs have their own sounds when they function normally or abnormally. Doctors can use the two useful tools to diagnose patients exactly.
The purpose of the study is to build a model of electrical stethoscope. Beside to hear the heart sound and lung sound directly by speakers, it could also show the phonocardiogram and phonopneumogram waveforms in the computer. First, it makes the sound wave to become the electrical potential by the electrical microphone. After the amplification circuit and filtering circuit, it can hear the sounds what we want by the speaker. The system adds an auto level control (ALC) feedback circuit in the amplification circuit to avoid the output saturated voltage. To make the signals that pass through the amplification and filtering circuits pass through the shift circuit will have a positive output that ranges from 0 V to 5 V. After that, the microprocessor dsPIC30F2010 makes the analog data to become the digital data. That is analog to digital converter (ADC). It uses the RS232 transmission line to pass the digital data to the receive point computer. In the end, the system shows the phonocardiogram and phonopneumogram waveforms by LabVIEW. The waveforms could help doctors to diagnose patients.
Finally, the study tests every part of the system to make sure the exactness. And the result conforms what the study wants.關鍵字(中) ★ 聽診器
★ 自動準位控制關鍵字(英) ★ stethoscope
★ ALC論文目次 目錄
頁次
中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄
圖目錄
表目錄
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 聽診之沿革 1
1-2 文獻回顧 3
1-3 研究動機 4
第二章 心肺音特性 6
2-1 心音的基本特性 6
2-1.1 心音的發生 6
2-1.2 心音的組成與特點 7
2-2 肺音的基本特性 9
2-2.1 肺音的發生 9
2.2-2 肺音的頻率概述 11
2-3 心肺音分析的臨床應用 12
第三章 心肺音量測系統架構 14
3-1 量測位置及方式 15
3-1.1 心音量測位置及方式 15
3-1.2 肺音量測位置及方式 16
3-2 感測器 18
3-3 共同電壓電路 19
3-4 放大電路 21
3-5 心音濾波電路 25
3-6 肺音濾波電路 27
3-7 平移電路 28
3-8 類比數位轉換 29
3-9 資料傳輸 36
3-10 資料接收介面 37
第四章 系統性能測試 38
4-1 自動準位控制電路 38
4-2 濾波電路 41
4-2.1 心音濾波電路 41
4-2.2 肺音濾波電路 44
4-3 平移電路 47
4-4 麥克風電路之輸出 49
4-5 類比轉換電路 51
4-6 與市售產品之比較 56
第五章 結論與展望 57
5-1 結論 57
5-2 未來展望 57
參考文獻 59
附錄 61參考文獻 參考文獻:
[1] Geddes, L.A., “Birth of the stethoscope” IEEE, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, Vol. 24, Issue 1, pp. 84-86, Jan.-Feb. 2005
[2] Hong Wang, Li Yi Wang, “Multi-Sensor Adaptive Heart and Lung Sound Extraction” Proceedings of IEEE, Sensors, Vol.2 pp.1096-1099, 22-24 Oct. 2003
[3] Barbara Erickson, “Heart Sounds and Murmurs Across the Lifespan ” Fourth Edition, Mosby, pp.12, 2003
[4] Hossain, Moussavi, “Finding the Lung sound-Flow Relationship in Normal and Asthmatic Subjects” Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2004. EMBC 2004. Conference Proceedings. 26th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, Vol.2, pp.3852-3855, 1-5 Sept. 2004
[5] Hossain, Moussavi, “An overview of heart-noise reduction of lung sound using wavelet transform based filter ” Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2003. Proceedings of the 25th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, Vol.1, pp.458-461, Sept. 2003
[6] Hans Pasterkamp et al, “Respiratory Sound-Advance Beyond the Stethoscope,”Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med., vol. 156. pp. 974-987, 1997.
[7] A. Suzuki et al, “Real-time adaptive canceling of ambient noise in lung sound measurement,” Med. & Biol, Eng. &Comput. ;33, 704-708, 1995.
[8] Hans Pasterkamp et al, “Digital Respirosonography-New Images of Lung Sounds,” Chest.; 96: 1505-1512, 1989.
[9] “心臟和循環系統” 光復書局, p9. 1996
[10] Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, ”Biomedical Signal Analysis” Wiley Interscience, pp.36
[11] http://21tcm.com/edu/
[12] Barbara Erickson, PhD, RN, CCRN, “Heart Sound And Murmurs” Across the lifespan, Fourth Edition, 2003, pp. 12
[13] F. Dalmay et al, “Acoustic properties of the normal chest,” Eur. Respir. J.; 8:1761-1769, UK, 1995.
[14] “心臟和循環系統”, 光復書局, p73. 1995
[15] 盧勤庸, “電子電路模擬 使用PSpice A/D”, 全華, 2001
[16] 呂學士, 劉致為, 劉深淵, “微電子學[上] 譯本”, 滄海書局, 1997
[17]http://www.microchip.com/stellent/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGE&nodeId=1335&dDocName=en010329
[18] “dsPIC30F Family Reference Manual”, Microchip, 2003
[19] 范逸之, 陳立元, 賴俊朋, “Visual Basic 與RS232串列通訊控制”, 文魁資訊股份有限公司, 2000
[20] http://www.intersil.com/data/fn/fn3138.pdf指導教授 蔡章仁(Jang-Zern Tsai) 審核日期 2005-7-19 推文 plurk
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