適用於地面式數位電視廣播系統之平行架
構記憶體式快速傅立葉轉換處理器設計

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姓名

唐瑋謙(Wei-Chien Tang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

電機工程學系

論文名稱

適用於地面式數位電視廣播系統之平行架構記憶體式快速傅立葉轉換處理器設計
(Design of Parallel Memory-Based FFTProcessors for DVB-T System )

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摘要(中)

由於通訊系統與網路的普及，使得人們對網路的依賴度越來越高。近來無線
網路的發達，解決了有線網路的不便性，可以無所不在自由的上網，加深了大眾
對無線網路的渴望，因此又造就更多的無線通訊系統，衍生出各式各樣的無線應
用，無線通訊已成為未來不可或缺的重要技術。
在現有的數位通訊系統中，正交分頻多工系統(OFDM-Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing)是最常被拿來使用的調變技術，如: ADSL、DVB、802.11a
等等。OFDM與其他單載波調變系統最大的不同是它採用了多載波的調變技術，
每個載波間皆為正交，大大節省了頻寬，提高單位時間的傳輸量。在硬體實現方
面，透過快速傅立葉與反快速傅立葉轉換(FFT/IFFT)來達到調變與解調變。
本論文中分析了幾種快速傅立葉轉換演算法的複雜度與其硬體架構設計。在
傳統架構中可分為管線式(Pipelined)與記憶體式(Memory-based)架構，前者有
著高產出量(Throughput)與簡易控制單元的優點，但是其面積相對較大，後者則
反之。本論文中主要為設計一Radix-2 的記憶體式快速傅立葉轉換處理器。首先
藉由切換存取的記憶體來簡化控制單元，再將其基本架構擴展並採用平行處理以
提高產出量，同時保留記憶體式架構面積小的優勢，達到速度快、控制簡單、面
積小的優點，更可依照所需應用調整其架構，實現有效率的快速傅立葉轉換器。

摘要(英)

Due to the popularity of communication system and internet, people become
more and more relying on the internet. Recently, the progress of wireless internet
resolves the inconvenience of wired internet. People can log on the internet anytime
and anywhere which deeply increases the aspiration for wireless internet. Therefore,
the situation brings up with more wireless communication systems and develops
various kinds of wireless application. Now the wireless communication has become
the inevitable important technique in the future.
Among the existing digital communication system, OFDM-Orthogonal
Frequency Division Multiplexing is the most frequently used modulation technique.
For example: ADSL, DVB, 802.11a, etc. The most different between OFDM and
other single-carrier system is that it uses the modulation technique of multi-carrier.
Each orthogonal carrier saves bandwidth greatly and rises up the throughput of the
time per unit. In the aspect of hardware realization, it achieves modulation and
demodulation through FFT and IFFT.
In this thesis, we analyze several kinds of complexity and the hardware
architecture designs of FFT algorithm. Under the traditional structure, it can split into
pipeline and memory-based architecture. The former has the strengths of higher
throughput and easier control unit but its hardware area is larger. However, the latter
one is in the opposite. The thesis is mainly to design a memory-based architecture of
Radix-2. First, switch location of memory to simplify control unit. Then extend the
basic structure and utilize parallel processing to increase throughput. In the meantime,
keep the advantage of small area of memory-based architecture to achieve the
strengths of speed up, easy control and small area. It even can adjust the structure
based on what you need to apply to realize FFT processor efficiently.

關鍵字(中)

★ 記憶體式快速傅立葉轉換
★ 地面式數位電視廣播系統

關鍵字(英)

★ DVB-T
★ Memory-based FFT

論文目次

目錄
摘要
Abstract
目錄………………………………………………………………………..i
圖目……………………………………………………………………….iv
表目………………………………………………………………………vii
第一章緒論.………………………………………………………………1
1-1 研究動機 ……………………………………………………..…..1
1-2 正交分頻多工系統 ………………………………………………2
1-2-1 連續時間模型………………………………………………3
1-2-2 離散時間模型………………………………………………4
1-2-3 正交分頻多工快速傅立葉轉換處理器……………………5
1-3 章節架構……………………………………………………….….6
第二章快速傅立葉轉換演算法………………………………….…….…7
2-1 簡介………………………………………………………………..7
2-2 基本觀念…………………………………………………….…….7
2-3 Decimation-in-Time 快速傅立葉演算法……………….………..11
2-3-1 Radix-2 快速傅立葉演算法 ……………………………...11
2-3-2 Radix-4 快速傅立葉演算法 …………………………......15
2-4 Decimation-in-Frequency 快速傅立葉演算法..….…..………….16
2-4-1 Radix-2 快速傅立葉演算法………………………………16
2-4-2 Radix-4 (Radix-22) 快速傅立葉演算法…………………..20
2-4-3 Radix-8 (Radix-23) 快速傅立葉演算法…………….……..23
2-4-4 Radix-2/4 快速傅立葉演算法……………………………26
2-4-5 Radix-2/8 快速傅立葉演算法……………….……….…..29
2-4-6 Radix-2/4/8 快速傅立葉演算法………………….………32
2-4-7 複雜度分析……………………………………………….34
第三章硬體架構……………………………………………….………..37
3-1 簡介…………………………………………….………………. 37
3-2 單路徑延遲回授架構………………………………….………. 38
3-2-1 Radix-2 單一路徑延遲回授架構…………………….…. 39
3-2-2 Radix-4 單一路徑延遲回授架構 ……………………… 40
3-2-3 Radix-22 單一路徑延遲回授架構……………………… 40
3-3 多路徑延遲連接架構…………………………….……………. 41
3-3-1 Radix-2 多路徑延遲連接架構 ………………………… 41
3-3-2 Radix-4 多路徑延遲連接架構 …………….……..……. 42
3-3-3 Radix-22 多路徑延遲連接架構 ………….……………. 43
3-4 記憶體式架構………………………………………………… 44
第四章記憶體式快速傅立葉轉換架構設計…………………………. 46
4-1 背景……………………………………………………………. 46
4-2 記憶體分析……………………………………………………. 53
第五章平行記憶體式快速傅立葉轉換架構設計…………………….. 54
5-1 MB1PE 架構…………………………………………………… 54
5-2 MB2PE 架構…………………………………………………… 61
5-3 MB4PE 架構…………………………………………………….63
5-4 適用於DVB-T晶片之實現…………………………………….. 65
第六章結論與未來方向……………………………………………… 75
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………..76

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指導教授

魏慶隆(Chin-Long Wey)

審核日期

2007-1-12

推文