pH control in fog and rain in East Asia: Temporal advection of clean air masses to Mt. Bamboo, Taiwan

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Title:	pH control in fog and rain in East Asia: Temporal advection of clean air masses to Mt. Bamboo, Taiwan
Authors:	柯奧圖;Klemm, Otto;Tseng, Wei-Ti;Lin, Chia-Ching;Klemm, Kerstin;Lin, Neng-Huei (George)
Contributors:	地球科學學院大氣科學學系
Keywords:	acid rain;Air masses;air pollution;Ammonium;East Asia;Fog;fog chemistry;Ions;Population density;Rain;Sulfates
Date:	2015-01-01
Issue Date:	2026-04-21 14:01:27 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute;Basel: MDPI AG
Abstract:	摘要： Fog and rain was collected during an 18-day period in January 2011 at Mt. Bamboo, northern Taiwan. Almost 300 hourly fog samples and 16 daily rain samples were taken. One single fog sample (pH 3.17) was influenced by local volcanic activity, otherwise the pH ranged from 3.23 to 6.41 in fog and from 3.59 to 6.31 in rain. All the respective air masses arrived from the northeast, but exhibited two distinct groups: Group_1 had high concentrations of all ions (median interquartile range of total ion concentrations 3200–6200 µeq.·L−1) and low pHs (median 3.52), the respective air masses had travelled over densely populated and industrialized regions of mainland China. Group_2 was from air masses with long travel times over the ocean and relatively low total ion concentrations (80–570 µeq.·L−1) and higher pHs (median 4.80). The cleanest samples are among the cleanest reported in the literature of worldwide fog and rain. In both groups, the pH was governed by the balance of sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, and, in some cases, calcium. The variability of these ions was higher than the variability of 10−pH, which shows that the pH is a rather robust parameter in contrast to its drivers such as non-sea-salt sulfate. 出版者： Basel: MDPI AG 出版日期： 2015-11-01 出處： Atmosphere, 2015-11, Vol.6 (11), p.1785-1800 資源來源： ProQuest Open Access Content Collection 版權： Copyright MDPI AG 2015 識別號： ISSN: 2073-4433 識別號： EISSN: 2073-4433 識別號： DOI: 10.3390/atmos6111785
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Atmospheric Sciences] journal & Dissertation

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