Effect of tropical cyclones on the stratosphere-troposphere exchange observed using satellite observations over the north Indian Ocean

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Title:	Effect of tropical cyclones on the stratosphere-troposphere exchange observed using satellite observations over the north Indian Ocean
Authors:	山吉拉維卓;Venkat Ratnam, M.;Ravindra Babu, S.;Das, S. S.;Basha, G.;Krishnamurthy, B. V.;Venkateswararao, B.
Contributors:	地球科學學院大氣科學學系
Keywords:	Altitude;Cyclones;Cyclonic storms;Dynamics;Emission measurements;Exchanging;Fluctuations;Flux;Global Positioning System;Global positioning systems;GPS;Hurricanes;Indian Ocean;Lower stratosphere;Mass flux;Middle atmosphere;Mixing ratio;Oceans;Outflow;Ozone;Ozone mixing ratio;Positioning systems;Radio occultation;Satellite navigation systems;Satellite observation;Satellites;Seasons;Storms;Stratosphere;Studies;Temperature effects;Thickness;Tropical climate;Tropical cyclones;Tropical tropopause;Tropopause;Troposphere;Tropospheric ozone;Upper troposphere;Water outflow;Water vapor;Water vapour;Weather;Wind
Date:	2016-07-15
Issue Date:	2026-04-21 14:15:00 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	European Geosciences Union;Katlenburg-Lindau: Copernicus GmbH
Abstract:	摘要： Tropical cyclones play an important role in modifying the tropopause structure and dynamics as well as stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE) processes in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) region. In the present study, the impact of cyclones that occurred over the north Indian Ocean during 2007–2013 on the STE processes is quantified using satellite observations. Tropopause characteristics during cyclones are obtained from the Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) measurements, and ozone and water vapour concentrations in the UTLS region are obtained from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) satellite observations. The effect of cyclones on the tropopause parameters is observed to be more prominent within 500 km of the centre of the tropical cyclone. In our earlier study, we observed a decrease (increase) in the tropopause altitude (temperature) up to 0.6 km (3 K), and the convective outflow level increased up to 2 km. This change leads to a total increase in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) thickness of 3 km within 500 km of the centre of cyclone. Interestingly, an enhancement in the ozone mixing ratio in the upper troposphere is clearly noticed within 500 km from the cyclone centre, whereas the enhancement in the water vapour in the lower stratosphere is more significant on the south-east side, extending from 500 to 1000 km away from the cyclone centre. The cross-tropopause mass flux for different intensities of cyclones is estimated and it is found that the mean flux from the stratosphere to the troposphere for cyclonic storms is 0.05 ± 0.29 × 10−3 kg m−2, and for very severe cyclonic storms it is 0.5 ± 1.07 × 10−3 kg m−2. More downward flux is noticed on the north-west and south-west side of the cyclone centre. These results indicate that the cyclones have significant impact in effecting the tropopause structure, ozone and water vapour budget, and consequentially the STE in the UTLS region. 出版者： Katlenburg-Lindau: Copernicus GmbH 出版日期： 2016-07-15 出處： Atmospheric chemistry and physics, 2016-07, Vol.16 (13), p.8581-8591 資源來源： Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection 版權： COPYRIGHT 2016 Copernicus GmbH 版權： Copyright Copernicus GmbH 2016 版權： 2016. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 識別號： ISSN: 1680-7324 識別號： ISSN: 1680-7316 識別號： EISSN: 1680-7324 識別號： DOI: 10.5194/acp-16-8581-2016
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Atmospheric Sciences] journal & Dissertation

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