Influence of the pre-existing Xiaoyudong salient in surface rupture distribution of the M w 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, China

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Title:	Influence of the pre-existing Xiaoyudong salient in surface rupture distribution of the M w 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, China
Authors:	張中白;Chang, Chung-Pai;Chen, Gui-Hua;Xu, Xi-Wei;Yuan, Ren-Mao;Kuo, Yu-Ting;Chen, Wen-Shan
Contributors:	太空及遙測研究中心
Keywords:	Active control;Boundaries;Estimating;Faults;Highlands;Multi-segment rupturing;Propagation;Rupture;Salient;Seismic phenomena;Seismotectonics;Wenchuan earthquake;Xiaoyudong Fault
Date:	2012-03-20
Issue Date:	2026-04-21 14:22:29 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	Elsevier;Elsevier B.V
Abstract:	摘要： Field investigations show that the Wenchuan earthquake on the 12th of May 2008 ruptured two NW-dipping imbricate reverse faults along the Longmen Shan fault zone. The length of the Beichuan–Yingxiu Fault reaches nearly 240km. Southeast of this fault, a smaller displacement occurred along the Guanxian–Jiangyou Fault, which has a length of about 70km. A NW-striking left-lateral reverse fault, the Xiaoyudong Fault, was clearly observed between these two main surface ruptures. This co-seismic surface rupture pattern is one of the most complicated patterns of recent great earthquakes. In order to clarify how rupture progressed northward during the Wenchuan earthquake, we conducted a detailed investigation including rupture tracing, displacement measurement, fault kinematic estimation, and stress analysis of the Xiaoyudong area. Our results show that the Xiaoyudong Fault is not a simple tear fault. In contrast, it is an independent active fault located on the northern boundary of the Xiaoyudong salient. The Xiaoyudong salient is an independent topographic highland occupying a surface area of approximately 100km2. From a stratigraphic point of view, this highland is a little older than the adjacent area. The s-shape stream north of the Xiaoyudong salient indicates that the Xiaoyudong Fault is still active. The Xiaoyudong salient plays an important role in controlling fault propagation and stress delivery. When the Wenchuan earthquake occurred in the south of the Xiaoyudong salient, this salient partially impeded the northward propagating rupture and dispersed it into two branches to the north. The rupture distribution north of Xiaoyudong would be significantly different without this salient. The existence of the Xiaoyudong salient and the rupture pattern of the Wenchuan earthquake also prove that the multi-segment rupturing model is a better approximation than a single-segment model for estimating the maximum magnitude of the paleo-earthquake of the Longmen Shan fault zone. ► We conducted a detailed structural geological investigation of the Xiaoyudong area. ► The Xiaoyudong Fault is not a simple tear fault but an independent active fault. ► The Xiaoyudong salient controls the regional fault propagation and stress delivery. ► The multi-segment model is a better approximation for the Longmen Shan fault zone. 出版者： Elsevier B.V 出版日期： 2012-03-20 出處： Tectonophysics, 2012-03, Vol.530-531, p.240-250 資源來源： Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete 版權： 2012 Elsevier B.V. 識別號： ISSN: 0040-1951 識別號： EISSN: 1879-3266 識別號： DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2011.12.038
Appears in Collections:	[Center for Space and Remote Sensing Research ] journal & Dissertation

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