摘要： This paper investigates the intense airglow brightness often observed in the 630.0 nm limb images taken using Imager of Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightnings (ISUAL), onboard FORMOSAT‐2 satellite, where the tangent plane of the measurement falls in the local midnight sector. Most of the images show only single brightness, but in some cases there could be multiple peaks, which sometimes appears to be centered on geographic equator and in some cases falls on either sides of the magnetic equator. In order to understand such intense emission in the near‐midnight hours, the observations are simulated using SAMI2 (SAMI2 is Another Model of the Ionosphere) model parameters based on the ISUAL viewing geometry. The simulations reproduced the measured airglow intensity pattern quite remarkably and suggested that the meridional neutral wind and the resulting plasma distribution are closely related with the observed brightness. The intensity and locations of the airglow brightness peaks could potentially be utilized to infer the strength of meridional neutral wind. Key Points Background meridional wind produces low‐latitude brightness in ISUAL images Plasma convergence between 10 and 30 latitudes around midnight by equatorward wind Two brightness peaks around magnetic equator appear with weak meridional wind 其他題名： J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics 出版者： Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 出版日期： 2014-06 出處： Journal of geophysical research : Space physics (2013 - Present), 2014-06, Vol.119 (6), p.4894-4904 資源來源： Wiley Journals 版權： 2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. 識別號： ISSN: 2169-9380 識別號： ISSN: 2169-9402 識別號： EISSN: 2169-9402 識別號： DOI: 10.1002/2014JA019927
