Springer International Publishing AG;Heidelberg: SP Versita
摘要:
摘要： Acoustic emissions prior to rupture indicate precursory damage. Laboratory studies of frictional sliding on model faults feature accelerating rates of acoustic emissions prior to rupture. Precursory seismic emissions are not generally observed prior to earthquakes. To address the problem of precursory damage, we consider failure in a fiber-bundle model. We observe a clearly defined nucleation phase followed by a catastrophic rupture. The fibers are hypothesized to represent asperities on a fault. Two limiting behaviors are the equal load sharing p = 0 (stress from a failed fiber is transferred equally to all surviving fibers) and the local load sharing p = 1 (stress from a failed fiber is transferred to adjacent fibers). We show that precursory damage in the nucleation phase is greatly reduced in the local-load sharing limit. The local transfer of stress from an asperity concentrates nucleation, restricting precursory acoustic emissions (seismic activity). 其他題名： Acta Geophys 出版者： Heidelberg: SP Versita 出版日期： 2012-06 出處： Acta geophysica, 2012-06, Vol.60 (3), p.638-663 版權： Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien 2011 版權： Versita Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Wien 2012 識別號： ISSN: 1895-6572 識別號： EISSN: 1895-7455 識別號： DOI: 10.2478/s11600-011-0069-2
