The dual roles of Armigeres subalbatus prophenoloxidase V in parasite melanization and egg chorion melanization in the mosquito Ar. subalbatus

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Title:	The dual roles of Armigeres subalbatus prophenoloxidase V in parasite melanization and egg chorion melanization in the mosquito Ar. subalbatus
Authors:	曹譯友;Tsao, I.-Y.;Chen, J.-W.;Li, C.-J.;Lo, H.-L.;Christensen, B.M.;Chen, C.-C.
Contributors:	研究發展處研究核心設施中心
Keywords:	Animals;Armigeres subalbatus;Blood;Catechol Oxidase - genetics;Catechol Oxidase - metabolism;chorion;Chorion - metabolism;Culicidae;Culicidae - parasitology;Dirofilaria immitis - metabolism;Dogs;Double stranded RNA-mediated RNAi;double-stranded RNA;Egg chorion melanization;eggs;electrophoresis;Enzyme Precursors - genetics;Enzyme Precursors - metabolism;Female;Filarioidea;Gene regulation;genes;hatching;hematophagy;immune response;insects;Melanins - metabolism;melanization;messenger RNA;Mosquito;oviposition;Ovum - metabolism;Parasite melanization;parasites;pathogens;Prophenoloxidase;RNA Interference;RNA, Messenger - metabolism;sclerotization;tissue repair;transfection
Date:	2015-01-01
Issue Date:	2026-04-23 11:52:30 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	Elsevier Science B.V.;England: Elsevier Ltd
Abstract:	摘要： Phenoloxidases (POs) play key roles in various physiological functions in insects, e.g., cuticular sclerotization, wound healing, egg tanning, cuticle formation and melanotic encapsulaction of pathogens. Previously, we identified five POs, designated As-pro-PO I–V, from the mosquito Armigeres subalbatus and demonstrated that the functions of As-pro-PO I, II and III, were associated with filarial parasite melanization, blood feeding and cuticle formation, respectively. In the present study, we delineate the dual functions of As-pro-PO V. We found that the level of As-pro-PO V mRNA in mosquitoes was significantly increased after microfilaria challenge or blood feeding, and decreased to normal level after oviposition. Knockdown of As-pro-PO V by dsRNA resulted in significant decreases in the degree of microfilaria melanization, egg chronic melanization rates and egg hatching rates in Ar. subalbatus. Further transfection and electrophoretic mobility-shift assays verified the As-pro-PO V gene might regulated by both AP-1, a putative immune-related regulatory element and CdxA, a developmental regulatory element. The binding of AP-1 and CdxA motif with mosquito nuclear extracts was significantly enhanced after microfilaria challenge and blood-feeding in Ar. subalbatus, respectively. These results indicate that As-pro-PO V is a critical enzyme that is required for both an effective melanization immune response and egg chorion melanization in this mosquito. •Both microfilariae inoculation and blood feeding significantly enhanced transcription level of As-pro-PO V.•The melanization rate of mf and egg chorion were both significantly reduced in As-pro-PO V dsRNA-inoculated mosquitoes.•AP-1 and CdxA are required for expression of As-pro-PO V in C6/36 cells and both motifs bind to nuclear extract of mosquitoes. 其他題名： Insect Biochem Mol Biol 出版者： England: Elsevier Ltd 出版日期： 2015-09-01 出處： Insect biochemistry and molecular biology, 2015-09, Vol.64, p.68-77 版權： 2015 Elsevier Ltd 版權： Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 識別號： ISSN: 0965-1748 識別號： ISSN: 1879-0240 識別號： EISSN: 1879-0240 識別號： DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.07.016 識別號： PMID: 26226650
Appears in Collections:	[Center for Academia and Industry Collaboration] journal & Dissertation

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