A broadband injection-locking class-E power amplifier

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Title:	A broadband injection-locking class-E power amplifier
Authors:	張鴻埜;Lin, Chi-Hsien;Chang, Hong-Yeh
Contributors:	資訊電機學院電機工程學系
Keywords:	Amplifiers;Applied sciences;Capacitance;Channels;Circuit design;Circuit properties;Class-E power amplifier (PA);Design engineering;Design. Technologies. Operation analysis. Testing;Electric potential;Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits;Electronic circuits;Electronic equipment and fabrication. Passive components, printed wiring boards, connectics;Electronics;Exact sciences and technology;GaAs PHEMT;Gallium arsenide;Inductance;Integrated circuits;Modulation;monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC);Oscillators;Oscillators, resonators, synthetizers;Power amplifiers;Power generation;Resistance;RF/microwaves;Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices;Stability analysis;Studies;Switches;Voltage
Date:	2012-09-10
Issue Date:	2026-04-23 13:17:04 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.;New York, NY: IEEE
Abstract:	摘要： This paper presents a fully integrated two-stage injection-locking class-E power amplifier (PA) using a GaAs 0.5-μm enhancement- and depletion-mode pseudomorphic high-electron mobility transistor (E/D-mode PHEMT) process. The injection-locking concept is used in this design, and the PA works as an oscillator whose output voltage is tuned at the input frequency. The proposed PA achieves high power-added efficiency (PAE) and high power gain. An autonomous circuit is also employed for the stability analysis, and the design procedure is summarized for the circuit implementation. By employing this design technique, the proposed injection-locking class-E PA under continuous-wave signal achieves a peak PAE of 59% at an output power of 26.6 dBm from a 6-V dc supply voltage. With a Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) modulation input signal at 3.5 GHz, the measured maximum PAE is 57% at an output power of 26.7 dBm. The measured error vector magnitude is within 2.2% over all of the output power level, and the adjacent channel power ratio is better than - 40 dBc. Under a 64-QAM modulation signal with class-AB operation, the proposed PA achieves a peak PAE of 55% with an output power of 27 dBm. 其他題名： TMTT 出版者： New York, NY: IEEE 出版日期： 2012-10-01 出處： IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, 2012-10, Vol.60 (10), p.3232-3242 資源來源： IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) 版權： 2015 INIST-CNRS 版權： Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) Oct 2012 識別號： ISSN: 0018-9480 識別號： EISSN: 1557-9670 識別號： DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2012.2209456 識別號： CODEN: IETMAB
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