Oxide-relief and Zn-diffusion 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with extremely low energy-to-data-rate ratios for 40 Gbit/s operations

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Title:	Oxide-relief and Zn-diffusion 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with extremely low energy-to-data-rate ratios for 40 Gbit/s operations
Authors:	許晉瑋;Shi, Jin-Wei;Yan, Jhih-Cheng;Wun, Jhih-Min;Chen, J.;Yang, Ying-Jay
Contributors:	資訊電機學院電機工程學系
Keywords:	Apertures;Bandwidth;Current measurement;Devices;High speed;Optical devices;Optical variables measurement;Oxides;Performance evaluation;Power consumption;Product introduction;Semiconductor lasers;Vertical cavity surface emission lasers;Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs);Zinc
Date:	2013-04-15
Issue Date:	2026-04-23 14:28:56 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.;New York: IEEE
Abstract:	摘要： We demonstrate novel structures of a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) for high-speed (~40 Gbit/s) operation with ultralow power consumption performance. Downscaling the size of oxide aperture of VCSELs is one of the most effective ways to reduce the power consumption during high-speed operation. However, such miniaturized oxide apertures (~2 μm diameter) in VCSELs will result in a large differential resistance, optical single-mode output, and a small maximum output power (<; 1 mW). These characteristics seriously limit the maximum electrical-to-optical (E-O) bandwidth and device reliability. By the use of the oxide-relief and Zn-diffusion techniques in our demonstrated 850-nm VCSELs, we can not only release the burden imposed on downscaling the current-confined aperture for high speed with low-power consumption performance, but can also manipulate the number of optical modes inside the cavity to maximize the E-O bandwidth and product of bit-rate transmission distance in an OM4 fiber. State-of-the-art dynamic performances at both room temperature and 85 °C operations can be achieved by the use of our device. These include extremely high D-factors (~13.5 GHz/mA 1/2 ), as well as record-low energy-to-data ratios (EDR: 140 fJ/bit) at 34 Gbit/s operation, and error-free transmission over a 0.8-km OM4 multimode fiber with a record-low energy-to-data distance ratio (EDDR: 175.5 fJ/bit.km) at 25 Gbit/s. 其他題名： JSTQE 出版者： New York: IEEE 出版日期： 2013-03-01 出處： IEEE journal of selected topics in quantum electronics, 2013-03, Vol.19 (2), p.7900208-7900208 資源來源： IEEE Electronic Library (IEL) 版權： Copyright The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) Mar/Apr 2013 識別號： ISSN: 1077-260X 識別號： EISSN: 1558-4542 識別號： DOI: 10.1109/JSTQE.2012.2210863 識別號： CODEN: IJSQEN
Appears in Collections:	[Department of Electrical Engineering] journal & Dissertation

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