| Abstract: | 摘要： The associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and stroke remain inconsistent. We conducted a time-series study to evaluate emergency room (ER) visits for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes in relation to PM2.5 and its constituents. Generalized additive models were used to model the counts of daily ER visits for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes among patients admitted to the National Taiwan University Hospital from 1 January 2004 to 31 August 2008. Exposure variables included PM2.5 and the four constituents, nitrate, sulfate, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC). 12,982 ischemic stroke and 3362 hemorrhagic stroke cases were identified during the study period. For hemorrhagic stroke, the strongest relative risks (RRs) of ER visits were 1.19 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.32] and 1.08 (95% CI, 1.02–1.15) for an interquartile range (IQR) increase in 3-day average nitrate and EC. For ischemic stroke, increased RRs of ER visits of 1.21 (95% CI, 1.07–1.36) and 1.18 (95% CI, 1.06–1.31) were observed in the warm season for an IQR increase in 3-day average of OC and EC, respectively. PM2.5 and OC were associated with increased RRs of ER visits for ischemic stroke among patients aged 65years or older and female patients. In conclusion, PM2.5 constituents, rather than PM2.5 mass, are more closely related to ER visits for hemorrhagic stroke. Both PM2.5 mass and its chemical constituents are associated with ER visits for ischemic stroke in the warm season, among patients older than 65years, and female patients. •We examine emergency room visits for stroke in relation to PM2.5 constituents.•PM2.5 constituents, rather than PM2.5 mass, are crucial to hemorrhagic stroke.•PM2.5 and its constituents are associated with ischemic stroke in the warm season.•Old or female ischemic stroke cases are vulnerable by PM2.5 and its constituents.
其他題名： Sci Total Environ
出版者： Netherlands: Elsevier B.V
出版日期： 2014-03-01
出處： Science of The Total Environment, 2014-03, Vol.473-474, p.446-450
版權： 2013 Elsevier B.V.
版權： Copyright © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
識別號： ISSN: 0048-9697
識別號： ISSN: 1879-1026
識別號： EISSN: 1879-1026
識別號： DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.035
識別號： PMID: 24388822 |
