「經濟及合作開發組織」(OECD)於民國八十五年發表「知識經濟報告」， 確認知識的創新產出與運用已成為國家競爭力及經濟成長的主要驅動力後，經濟部鑒於中小企業普遍面臨缺乏技術的困境，於是積極思考行動方案，有因此催生出了「SBIR」計畫。 SBIR計畫就是「鼓勵中小企業開發新技術推動計畫（Small Business Innovation Research）」，它是經濟部為鼓勵國內中小企業加強創新技術或產品的研發，依據「經濟部促進企業開發產業技術辦法」所訂定的計畫，期望能以此協助國內中小企業創新研發，加速提升中小企業之產業競爭力，提供創新技術研發及規劃的資金補助，透過政府的補助支持以降低中小企業研發創新之風險與成本，以迎接面臨之挑戰。 大部分的專案研究著重在績效、資源層面，較少將重點著重在員工之間的網絡關係上，本研究係因中小企業執行政府專案計畫的方式有別於一般專案，希望藉由個案公司與社會網絡分析，瞭解中小企業的員工對參與SBIR專案計畫的互動狀況，並希望在專案研究的領域提供一個新的分析觀點與討論的視野。 本研究的對象為個案公司執行SBIR計畫的成員，並經由訪談、參與觀察進行資料的搜集。透過社會網絡分析，我們可以了解專案成員的互動關係，以及可以改正工作團隊的一些例外狀況，且我們也可將成員區分成幾種類型，例如，誰是主要的貢獻者或者誰是孤獨者，管理者可藉此種發現而適當地安排工作團隊（Work team），有助於組織效能的提高。此外，尚有助於管理者及研究者對工作者相互交往關係的了解，工作情緒與工作士氣的衡量，以至於在實際管理上，如何去安排工作團隊，解決實際發生的衝突行為。 The “Report of Knowledge-based Economy” published by the OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation Development) in 1996 suggests that the innovation of, output of, and utilization of knowledge will be the primary drivers of a nation’s competitive edges and economic growth. Given the dilemma that small businesses are more innovative but lack of the funding to wager necessary investments, the Ministry of Economic Affairs in Taiwan proactively launched the SBIR (Small Business Innovation Research) program in 1999. Its objective is to encourage domestic small businesses to strengthen innovations in technology and new product development. Through the SBIR program, the government subsidizes small businesses in research and development for new technologies, sharing the cost and risks during the process. Most previous researches in the area or R&D focused on performance or resource utilization issues. This case study attempts to uncover the interaction among the employees in the target organization, which is a small business receiving SBIR funding. This study aims to provide new insights into the matter and create a set of fresh discussion issues for related projects. A project team working on an SBIR funded project was selected as the target team. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires and participant observations. The social network analysis approach was employed to carry out the analysis. By utilizing social network analysis, interactions among the team members can be revealed, and any exceptions can be exposed and corrected. In addition, different types of project members can be identified. For example, a member may be a major contributor, a loner (one who does not like to work as part of a team and has less contribution), and so forth. Managerial suggestions are proposed based on the research findings. Professional managers may use the suggestions to more effectively arrange the work team, and will hopefully help to improve the performance of the organization.
