| 摘要: | 2002年8月於南非約翰尼斯堡所舉行的「永續發展世界高峰會」宣告21世紀是追求永續發展的年代，過去台灣常為了經濟發展，而嚴重忽略建築物的永續經營；現今政府對於永續環境議題漸漸開始重視，除將2003年訂為「永續元年」外，行政院公共工程委員會也擬定「公共建設永續發展中程綱要計畫」包括公共建設配置與發展、綠色公共建設、公共建設永續經營與公共建設防災對策。 建築物從建造到裝修、使用及拆除廢棄階段皆消耗大量能源、水及資源，根據國內研究顯示，建築產業的二氧化碳排放佔全國總排放量的28.8%；而生命週期營運管理階段所需費用約佔生命週期成本的一半以上，高層建築物興建所需材料、能源損耗及設備規格又較一般建築超出許多，如何對新建或既有結構進行生命週期成本分析及效益評估，以期對整體經濟造成最小之衝擊，並透過有效的策略延長建築物壽命，減少維護管理成本支出，提高公共工程經濟效益，為達到追求永續發展的重要課題。 本研究運用公有高層建築物個案10年歷史資料記錄、現況瞭解及訪談調查，參考相關法令制度，建置設計興建至營運維護管理成本之資料，歸納出營運階段維護管理方式與關鍵作業，並針對建築物完工營運後的能源損耗作探討，其立意為提供未來相關規模工程之決策、執行及管理者，作為評估的參考。 “The World Summit on Sustainable Development” at Johannesburg in South Africa on August, 2002 declared that the ambition of 21st century is to seek sustainable development. In the past, Taiwan seriously ignored the sustainable operating in constructional process to pursue economics. In addition to conclude 2003 as”The First Year of The Sustainable Era”, Public Construction Commission, Executive Yuan also drafted ”The Medium-Term Summary Plan on Sustainable Development in Public Construction” which includes the sustainable operation and strategy on constructional configuration, development and eco-building. According the internal research, the CO2 discharge rate of Taiwan constructional industry is up to 28.8％ of the total CO2 discharge rate in Taiwan. From building, decorating, using to dismantling a construction, it consumes a great deal of energy, water and resource, and the expense on operating stage costs over half of the total constructional life cycle cost. Even, the needs of material, energy consuming and equipment to establish a high-riser building are much larger and expensive than a general one. In order to advance the economic benefit on public construction, the ways to analyze the constructional life cycle cost and to judge the benefit both on new-built and existing construction to minimize the economic impact, to extend construction life by effective plan, to reduce maintaining operation cost are the important issues to reach sustainable development. This research uses the information of 10-year records, recent stats, statute reference and constructional capitalized costs on public high-riser constructions to generalize the maintaining management in operating stage and its main work. This is to provide the decision-makers, executors and managers an estimative reference on related constructional engineering in the future. |
