營建人機作業派遣最佳決策模式之研究—以油料管線鋪設工程為例

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题名:	營建人機作業派遣最佳決策模式之研究—以油料管線鋪設工程為例
作者:	李新起;Hsin-Chii Lee
贡献者:	土木工程學系碩士在職專班
关键词:	整數規劃;最佳化;派遣;人機作業;Operator-machine work;Dispatch;Optimization;Integer programming
日期:	2009-06-29
上传时间:	2009-09-21 09:31:42 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	摘要營建工程近年來為求降低生產成本減少人為誤差及風險，進而提高生產效率與營建品質，在營建機械自動化的潮流與推廣下，許多營建工程施工作業項目，多已大量運用機具與人工相配合的作業技術模式。惟現實環境中有關機具與人力之半自動化作業調派工作多借由人工經驗主導調派，缺乏以系統化、科學化之數據分析，往往是浪費機具與人力資源之主因。然而如何將管理作業科學中作業研究方法導入人機作業之最佳化資源調度，實值得做為研究之課題。針對上述問題本研究以營建人機作業中管線挖埋作業之指派模式為研究範圍，以整數線性規劃為架構，建立一套數學最佳化模式，依施工特性訂定各項限制條之參數，利用LINGO 7.0套裝軟體撰寫電腦程式，求解出最小成本與機具、人力組合之派遣方式。為驗證本研究模式之可靠性與實用性，本研究以某機場油管工程為範例測試。並依最佳化模式建立而求解的最小成本與一般人工經驗指派方式求出之成本作一比對分析，以證實經過本研究最佳化模式處理後之派遣問題，確實較人工經驗派遣方法為優。本研究模式可應用於營建工程管線作業指派之領域，配合修正其不同之限制條件及參數值皆可套用本研究之架構以求得其最小成本之最佳解。研究顯示應用最佳化理論建立人機作業派遣之模式為可行，所得成果應可供業界實務推廣為使用。 Abstract In order to reduce production costs, the risk of human error and promote the efficiency of production and quality of construction, extensive use of machinery and manual made of operation technology matching has been used in most of the construction project operations of the construction works under the trend and promotion of the construction machinery automation in recent years. Due to the lack of systematic and scientific analysis of data, equipment and manpower deployment of the work of semi-automatic operation was done by the artificial experience results in the waste of machinery and human resources. It is worth to research that how to bring the science of operations management research methods into the best operator-machine work of resource scheduling. The dispatch way of buried pipeline operation made in man-machine work is viewed as the domain of the research in the construction projects. We assigned to integer linear programming as a framework for the establishment of a mathematical optimization model. Accord to the characteristics of the construction, we decided some parameter values by restricted conditions. Then we used LINGO 7.0 software package to write a computer program. The program can solve the different dispatch way about equipment, manpower and minimum cost. In order to confirm the reliability and usability of the pattern, the study takes an airport drill tubing project as model test. In comparison with the cost which obtained by artificial experience, the smallest cost which obtained by optimization model is better according to the data. This research pattern may apply in builds domain of the project pipeline work designation and change its different limiting condition or parameter value to match the framework of the study so as to get the best solution. The research demonstrates that it is feasible to establish the pattern of operation-machine work dispatch by using optimization theory and the achievement should be used in construction projects broadly.
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