本研究以聚碳酸酯/丙烯晴-丁二烯-苯乙烯(PC/ABS)合膠為材料，採用灰色關聯分析法進行最佳成型條件的預測，並探討不同射出成型條件如充填時間、融膠溫度與模具溫度對拉伸、破壞韌性、疲勞裂縫延伸及衝擊疲勞等特性的影響。同時，配合掃瞄式電子顯微鏡觀察破斷面的型態，以瞭解PC/ABS合膠材料的破壞機構。主要研究結果如下： 灰色關聯分析法以專家的意見，能適切預測C-MOLD射出成型模擬及拉伸試驗結果的最佳成型條件。 充填時間長對拉伸性質有強化的影響。主要破壞機構有傾斜縮頸及應力白化現象。融膠溫度280℃的試片呈現劈裂狀的脆性破壞。 具最佳破壞韌性值之成型條件為充填時間2秒、融膠溫度260℃與模具溫度55℃。破壞韌性值與表皮層正規化厚度有密切關係。主要破壞機構為表皮層脆性劈裂的片狀組織、核心層毛狀拉起纖維。 疲勞裂縫延伸的最佳成型條件為充填時間2秒、融膠溫度260℃與模具溫度80℃。應力白化及補綴狀組織為主要破壞機構。 單次衝擊與衝擊疲勞最高吸收能量的成型條件為充填時間12秒、融膠溫度260℃及模具溫度80℃。單次衝擊為高變形量的塑性變形。衝擊疲勞為塑性變形，疲勞線紋不連續但周期性的沿著裂縫延伸方向出現。 綜合以上研究，建議成型條件之融膠溫度採用240℃至260℃，充填時間依成型件的體積，如拉伸試片、CT試片使用2秒、衝擊試片使用12秒。模具溫度選用80℃。 In this dissertation, tensile properties, fracture toughness, fatigue crack propagation and impact fatigue of PC/ABS blend were studied. The injection molding conditions were optimized by grey relational method. The specimens were prepared under various injection molding conditions, such as filling time, melting temperature and mold temperature. The fracture mechanisms were examined with a scanning electron microscopy. The following conclusions can be drawn from the tests. The predictions of the grey relational method were the same as C-MOLD simulation and tensile test results. The tensile properties increase with filling time especially in elongation. The main fracture mechanisms of tensile specimens were stress whiten and inclined neck. The best injection molding condition of fracture toughness specimen was filling time 2s, melting temperature 260℃and mold temperature 55℃. The fracture toughness is varied with according with normalized skin layer thickness. Stress whiten, splits and fibril-like were typical fracture mechanisms. The best injection molding condition of fatigue crack propagation test was filling time 2s, melting temperature 260℃ and mold temperature 80℃. Stress whiten and patchwork structure were main fracture mechanisms. The specimen with the molding condition of filling time 12s, melting temperature 260℃ and mold temperature 80℃ has the optimum impact fatigue and single impact behaviors. Tearing in single impact test, shear fracture and plastic deformation in impact fatigue test were the major fracture mechanisms.
