由銀廢料製備電極用銀粉之實驗放大製程研究

NCU Institutional Repository > 工學院 > 機械工程研究所 > 博碩士論文 > Item 987654321/1959

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题名:	由銀廢料製備電極用銀粉之實驗放大製程研究
作者:	余建男;Chan-Nan Yu
贡献者:	機械工程研究所
关键词:	回收;銀粉;銀廢料;製程放大;recycle;silver;wastes of silver;magnify process
日期:	2000-07-17
上传时间:	2009-09-21 11:35:13 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	本研究在探討銀廢料回收產製銀粉之流程，以改變反應溫度、反應物濃度及界面活性劑含量等參數，尋求產能為0.6kg/h之最佳反應條件，製造適用於製作銀電極之銀粉。研究結果顯示：（1）提升本流程之反應溫度可加速銀粉生成速率；（2）增加反應劑氨銀濃度則可增大單位時間之產能；（3）減少界面活性劑可以降低器壁上銀鏡反應之損失，提升產率；（4）氧化劑與還原劑在低溫下混合比在室溫下混合較不易造成噴嘴阻塞；（5）本流程所產生廢水可循環使用3次後，以KMnO4處理後達到廢水排放標準；（6）本流程所製得之銀粉純度均在99.9％以上。實驗參數會影響產製所得銀粉之性質。提升反應溫度、增加氨銀濃度會使銀粉平均粒徑增大，但對密度影響不大，界面活性劑的添加會影響銀粉的性質，辛酸和三乙醇胺添加量增多時，銀粉密度降低，尤其在添加辛酸時，反應溫度上升，所得銀粉之平均粒徑減小，其比表面積增大。本研究所得銀粉若先經450℃以上熱處理，則在製作銀電極時不會有收縮現象，這些電極的放電測試，其放電效率在70％以上，符合電極製作之所需。 Silver recycling from silver-containing waste has been studied in this work to prepare powder for manufacturing the silver electrode used in batteries. Experimented parameters such as reaction temperature,reactant concentration,and surfactant concentration were varied to find out an optimum condition to produce silver powder in a capacity 0.6kg/h. The results demionstrated that : (1)the production rate of silver powder increases with increasing the reaction temperature; (2)the capacity increases with increasing the concentration of Ag(NH3)2+;(3)the yield of silver powder can be enhanced by decreasing the concentration of surfactant ; (4)it is better to mix the reactant at lower temperatures than at room temperature to assure the operation of the mixer ; (5)the waste liquid can be re-use 3 cycles , disposed with KMnO4 to follow the emission regulation ; (6)the purity of the silver powders produced from this process is 99.9%. It was also found that the experimented parameters influence the powder properties. The average particle size of silver powders increase with increasing the reaction temperature and Ag(NH3)2+ concentration , however,the powder densities(apparent density and tap density)are unaffected. Addition of surfactant such as caprylic acid and ethanoltriamine decreases the powder densities.In the presence of caprylic acid, the average particle size of the silver powders produced decreases with increasing the reaction temperature, thus increasing the specific surface area of the powder. The heat-treated silver powders(at temperature>350℃)are more suitable for use in electrode application because the shrinkage can almost be neglected in the process of electrode preparation. The discharge efficiencies for the silver electrode made of all the silver powders are higher than 70%, thus they are satisfactary in bettery application.
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