| 摘要: | 遵義會議上，陳雲投了毛澤東一票；爾後的延安時期，毛澤東與王明鬥爭中，毛巧妙地拉攏陳雲、康生等人，順利鬥倒王明為首的國際派，毛支持陳雲出任中央組織部部長一職；繼之的大生產運動，毛賦予陳雲在經濟領導之重任，最終，陳雲不負所託，完成任務。 中共建國前夕產生「城市接收」問題，關於城市問題，可細分為三個議題，一、物價飛漲，二、金融貨幣，三、調整公私營企業。就在短短一年中，陳雲有效解決三個議題。緊接在1953年，陳雲完成糧食為主的統購統銷政策，與此同時，陳雲再對〈一五計劃〉進行籌劃，而統購統銷與〈一五計劃〉都在1955年告一段落，陳雲大力落實毛的旨意，毛高度讚賞陳雲之能力，在1956年，陳雲進入權力核心，在中共黨內排名躍居第五位。 1957年，毛展開政治鬥爭行動，陳雲是毛打擊的對象，最終在八大二次會議，毛正式發動大躍進。在反冒進後，陳雲靠邊站約達二年之久。此時產生經濟危機，最為嚴重的是糧食危機，毛重新啟用陳雲，並進行一系列的補救，終使這波危機緩和下來。然而在包產到戶議題上，毛對陳雲嚴重的批判，陳雲再次靠邊站長達十餘年之久，雖在1974及1975年短暫回到中央，然在毛晚年，並未有重要之作為。 In the Zunyi Meeting, Chen Yun voted in favor of Mao Zedong. Later, as Mao fought against Wang Ming in the Yan-an period, Mao solicited Chen and Kang Sheng’s assistance to topple the International Group( clique or faction) headed by Wang Ming. Mao then encouraged Chen to take up the department head of the Organization Department of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP) . In the Production Movement thatfollowed, Mao delegated Chen the important task of leading the economy; Chen, in turn, merited Mao’s trust and completed the task. In the eve of the founding of Communist China, the issue of “metropolis acceptance” came into being. The urban issues can be classified into three topics: firstly, soaring commodity prices; secondly, financial and monetary issues; thirdly, managing public and private enterprises. In one year, , Chen effectively addressed these three critical issues. In 1953, Chen completed the state monopoly of the purchase and marketing of grain, and at the same time, he began planning the “First Five-Year Plan.” Both the planning and state monopoly over purchase and marketing and the “First Five-Year Plan” came to an end in 1955. Chen vigorously achieved Mao’s goals, and the Mao spoke highly of Chen. Thus, in 1956, Chen entered the core of power and ranked fifth in the CCP. In 1957, Mao launched the political struggle, and Chen became Mao’s target. Ultimately, in the Second Meeting of the Central Committee of the 8th Party Congress, Mao formally launched the Great Leap Forward. After the Rash Advance, Chen was sidelined for about two years. During this time, economic crisis arose, the most serious of which being the food crisis. Mao again enlisted the assistance of Chen, and a series of remedies were applied to put an end to the crisis. However, Mao was highly critical of Chen regarding the issue of household responsibility system, , and Chen was again sidelined for more than a decade. Although he returned to power temporarily from 1974 to 1975, in the later years of Mao, Chen was not involved in significant movements. |
