羅近溪哲學思想是否有宗旨、工夫，以及其是否歸於儒家，一直是爭論不休的問題，近溪學彷彿成為一個「公案」。經研究發現，之所以眾說紛紜的原因，乃在於研究之態度與方法出了問題。筆者從近溪文獻當中探究其詮釋方法，再依此方法而掌握其哲學思想。發現近溪欲回歸孔孟聖學，對於宋明諸儒過份重於超越地分解方式，從而造成「仁」與「人」，「形色」與「天性」之支離有所不滿。要之，「仁」與「人」，「形色」與「天性」之一體、辯證關係便無法呈顯。當然，「仁」或「天性」便無法彰顯。換言之，人之為人之存在意義與價值便無法體現。此近溪回歸孔孟求仁之學之原因。而近溪以孔子「仁者人也，親親為大」撐開其整個思想綱維。「仁」是「人」之存在根據，「人」是「仁」之認識根據。而「人」之根源又在於「孝弟慈」之親親。故近溪以「孝弟慈」來「識仁」、「體仁」。 近溪非常重視工夫之落實、入手處，而此落實、入手處當必須關聯成聖成賢之根據，即良知本心。故工夫以格物（識仁）之「尊、信良知」為本，以致知（體仁）之「美、大、聖、神」為末。而「孝弟慈」工夫可說是易簡、親切、可信，可大可久，徹始徹終，徹上徹下。故近溪以孝弟慈為學術宗旨，不僅合於孔孟仁學，且十字打開內聖外王之學。 近溪學可說是陽明學、心齋學之進一步發展，以體仁即制欲為主要工夫。然在未能體仁之前，先知先覺之明眼真師的啟蒙，以及先聖經傳的啟發，便是不可或缺的過程。是以，近溪的工夫有「執持」與「放下」，「覺悟」與「實踐」之先後、辯證關係。可說是尊德性而道問學，極高明而道中庸，細密緊切，廣大精微，有調和程朱理學與陸王心學之味道。 Luo Jinxi philosophic thinking whether has the objective, the Gong-fu, as well as it whether belongs to the Confucianist, is always the question which debates unceasingly. After research discovery, the reason that has wide divided opinions the reason, is lies in manner of and the method the research had problems. From Luo Jinxi literature inquired into its individual the annotation method, depends on this method to grasp its philosophic thinking again. Luo Jinxi wants to return the Confucius and Mencius saint study, regarding Song Mingzhu Confucian too again in surmounting decomposition way. Thus makes dies for a righteous cause with the separation of the Benevolence from humanity, separation of the body from instinct. Benevolence and humanity , Instinct and the body is a Overall, dialectical relations .“Benevolence is the characteristic element of humanity, and the great exercise of it is in loving relatives” opens its entire thought outline Uygur. Benevolence is human's existence basis, the human is Benevolence understanding basis.But human's root lies in filial and brotherly piety kind cherishing one's relatives. The Jinxi by the filial and brotherly piety kind knew the Benevolence, manifests the Benevolence, and establishes its thought system. Luo Jinxi studies may say is the Wang Yangming studies , Wang Xinzhai studies further develops, Take practices at the same time the Benevolence restrains the desire as the main Gong-fu. Luo Jinxi’s Gong-fu has made an adjustment and fusion in Cheng Zhu and Lu Wang studies .
