陸域生態系統為地球上重要有機碳匯，其碳收支動態與時、空變異為全球學術界的重要焦點研究，在氣候變遷衝擊下，透過陸域生態系之碳匯功能以達減碳目的，其成本遠低於能源政策或工程手段所需。另一方面，推估國內森林生態系所能提供之碳匯量，亦可提供未來碳權交易之抵消排放或換取排放之談判籌碼。而台灣地區天然闊葉林佔所有總林地面積達44%，佔全島面積達25%以上，因此對於國內天然闊葉林之碳收支研究有其迫切與重要性。本研究之蓮華池樣區是綜合了多物種之中低海拔天然常綠闊葉林，若能於此樣區進行碳通量觀測，將會是國內目前少數在此類型陸域生態系進行碳收支的研究，對實際評估台灣地區常綠闊葉林生態系之碳沉降量有其重要性。目前陸域生態系之碳收支研究多以渦流協變法進行量化分析，在前期研究之蓮華池測站水氣與能量之通量觀測成果，顯示本站之渦流協變法所推估通量之能量收支達達90%，已達國際上通量觀測水準。因此本計畫將以三年期程進行基礎研究探討。第一年重點在建立碳通量整合觀測系統，包含設計土壤呼吸作用通量觀測儀器、林內二氧化碳剖面觀測與冠層上之 EC 碳通量觀測；第二年重點在土壤呼吸作用參數化研究與天然闊葉林之淨生態系二氧化碳交換特性探討，並進一步整合現有水文微氣象觀測，探討與碳收支之關聯性；第三年重點在二氧化碳通量源匯時空分布特性研究，將結合源匯模擬技術，以探討此生態系之碳收支時空特性。期望以三年時程深入探討台灣地區典型陸域生態系天然闊葉林之碳通量收支與特性，並建立相關數據資料庫與培養研究能量與人才。 Terrestrial ecosystem is one of the most important carbon sink on the Earth. The dynamics of terrestrial carbon fluxes in various spatial and temporal scales have been the principal focus of scientific researches. Over the increasing awareness of climate change impact, the cost-effective terrestrial carbon sink is considered as the most low-cost carbon abatement strategy among other expensive energy policies and engineering approaches. Of the most important, the capacity of domestic terrestrial carbon sink can be used as the credits for carbon trading or emission trading. The natural broadleaf forest area accounts for more than 44% of the total forest land in Taiwan, which is equivalent to more than 25% of the island area. It is of essentially important to quantify the carbon sink capability of domestic natural broadleaf forest. The canopy type of the study site, Lien-Hua-Chih (LHC), is natural broadleaf forest with mixed shrubs and ferns in lower canopy. Among many tower sites in Taiwan, the LHC will be the only site focusing on the carbon fluxes and budgets of natural broadleaf forest. Based on previous results of energy and water fluxes measurements with the eddy covariance (EC) technique at the LHC, the energy closure can reach as high as 90% which is internationally recognized as a suitable site for EC measurement. This project will cover 3 years of fundamental research of investigating domestic terrestrial carbon sink at natural broadleaf forest. The first year (8/2010~7/2011) will establish an integrated carbon flux measurement system, including design and validation of soil respiration measurement instruments, inner-canopy carbon and water profile measurement, and canopy top EC measurements. The second year (8/2011~7/2012) will focus on parameterizations of soil respiration, quantifying net ecosystem exchange of LHC site, and investigating the interactions between terrestrial carbon sink/fluxes and hydrometeorology factors. The third year (8/2012~7/2013) will focus on investigating the spatial and temporal characteristics of carbon source/sink at the LHC site using footprint simulations. It is expected to quantify terrestrial carbon flux/sink of natural broadleaf forest and have a better understanding of its spatial and temporal characteristics. Database and research capability will be solidly built in this 3-year fundamental research. 研究期間：9908 ~ 10007
