| 摘要: | 新竹枋寮褒忠義民廟竣工於乾隆55(1790)年，由初期的私人性質祭祀活動，經道光15(1835)年演變至今，已成為15大庄採輪值方式，此15大庄內之地方家族多以「公號」型式，代表15個祭典區參與義民爺的中元祭祀。現今褒忠義民廟已逐漸成為北部，甚至是全臺客家人的信仰中心。 支持著褒忠義民廟從初期私人性質的村莊小廟，到後來成為跨縣市十五大庄祭典區的客家信仰中心，除了當時特殊的社會背景及時空因素之外，其獨特的管理經營方式，使其累積了眾多的資產，以維持寺廟運作也是重要原因之一。 義民廟的管理組織由創建初期的首事、經理人制度一路演進，但廟務發展俱由少數人決斷的問題似乎一直困擾著褒忠義民廟管理組織。 經由一般信徒的覺醒，大正3年時，義民廟祭典區內相關信徒召開會議，決定變更以往的管理方式，最後並制定<義民廟協議會規約>。依據規約，「義民廟協議會」協議員共30人，其中包含由14祭典區各選出2名協議員，及2位創建施主後裔議員，協議會組成後再由議員們互選3名管理人及5名監查員，任期均為3年，並採取重要事件由協議會集體協議、決策後交由管理人執行的運作模式，以徹底改變褒忠義民廟的管理組織。透過群策群力的方式，協議會解決褒忠義民廟當時所面臨的每一個問題，並成功的渡過了日本政府在皇民化運動時期，寺廟整理的財產徵收危機。 民國36年11月25日，義民廟協議會改組成立為「褒忠義民廟管理委員會」，並通過「褒忠義民廟管理章程」。至此設立於大正3年底，4年正式運作的義民廟協議會，完成其階段性的任務正式結束。 The Ban-jong Yi-ming Temple was established in 1790 ( the 55th year of Qian-long dynasty). People worship privately in the Yi-ming Temple at the beginning, but from 1835(the 15th year of Dao-guang dynasty ) to now, it has become the religious center of fifteen districts. The majority of clans of fifteen districts are in the form of company, they represents fifteen ritual regions participating the ceremony on Ghost Festival of Yi-ming Temple, and they take turns at holding ceremony. Bau-jong Yi-ming Temple has gradually become the religious center of Hakka people in north region, or even in the whole Taiwan. This transition attributes to not only context in that period but also management system. The management systme makes the temple accumulate properties and works well. The management organization adopts the system of one leading chief and a manager, however, the problem is that only few people can make the decisions , and this has been bothering them for a long time. Therefore, believers of Yi-ming Temple convene a conference in order to change the management system and institute “ Yi-ming Temple Assembly Act” in 3rd the years of Da-zheng dynasty. According to the act, the total members of assembly are thirty, fourteen ritual religious elects two assemblymen and the other two assemblymen are descendant of the founders. Then these thirty assemblymen elect each other in order to elect three administrators and five auditors, and the tenure of them is three years. Aside from this, they adopt collective agreement with regard to significant affairs, then the agreement is executed by administrators. Through this system, they solve all the problems they encounter and struggle out the danger of levying during the Kominka period. In November 25th in 1914, they reshuffle Yi-ming Assembly to set up “ Ban-jong Yi-ming Temple Management Committee”, and pass “ Bau-jong Yi-ming Constitution”. This also means the end of the staged mission of Yi-ming Temple Assembly. Keywords: Bau-jong Yi-ming Temple, Yi-ming Temple Assembly, management organization, Assemblyman, Yi-ming belief |
