| 摘要: | 本文研究的方言點河婆位於廣東省揭西縣河婆鎮，河婆鎮於獨山、明山、巾山三
山環抱中，是縣城所在地，全縣政治，經濟，文化中心。又因位於三山附近，故一
般人多稱河婆即為三山國王發蹟的所在地。河婆鎮的人口結構是福客混居, 基本分為
潮、客兩個民系，在語言結構上方言有客家話、潮汕話和半山客話三種。本研究旨
在河婆鎮客家話的語音演變現象。
本文以《切韻》為憑，研究調查河婆語音現況探討，內容第一章主要說明研究的
動機和目的，以及河婆鎮的歷史沿革和語言概況，並敘明使用的研究方法。第二章
將深入調查的語音資料觀察其聲母、韻母、聲調等的語音現象。第三章依十六攝韻
母及平上去入四聲調研究河婆客家話現今的語音變化與中古語音作比較分析。第四
章揭露出河婆客家話的變化及特色，第五章探討河婆客家話辭彙和其他海豐陸豐家
話詞彙的比較。第六章結論說明此次研究的發現及不足之處。
研究發現河婆客家話聲母有兩套舌上音，韻母效攝開口一等表現不一致，保有完
整的輔音韻尾，音調有陰去歸上、上聲不分陰陽調的特色。
In this study, the Hakka dialect in Hepo, located in Hepo Township, JieXi County,
Guangdong Province, is investigated. Hepo Township is surrounded by three mountains,
Dushan, Mingshan, and Jinshan, which is the location of the county town and the center of
politics, economic, and culture. Located near the three mountains, Hepo is commonly
known as the location where the kings of the three mountains thrived. The population
structure of Hepo Township includes the Chaozhou people and Hakkas. In the structure of
language, there are three dialects, Hakka, Chaozhou, and Mid-Hakka. This study aimed to
discuss the phenomenon of pronunciation evolution of the Hepo Hakka dialect.
In this study, based on "Qieyun," the current situation of the Hepo pronunciation is
explored. In Chapter I, the research motivation and purpose, the history and language
overview in Hepo Township, as well as the research methods used are described. In
Chapter II, the pronunciation is deeply investigated to observe the pronunciation
phenomenon of Hepo initials, finals and tones. In Chapter III, according to sixteen finals
and four tones-level tone, falling-rising tone, falling tone, and entering tone, today's
Pronunciation changes of the Hepo Hakka dialect is studied, compared, and analyzed with
medieval voice. In Chapter IV, Hepo Hakka changes and characteristics are revealed. In
Chapter V, the Hepo Hakka vocabulary is discussed and compared with the Haifeng,
Lufeng Hakka vocabulary. In Chapter VI, the Conclusions, the findings and inadequacies
of this study are described.
In this study, it is found that there are two sets of tip-tongued affricates in Hepo Hakka
initials, and the performance of the final-Xiaoshe is inconsistent. The complete consonant
is reserved. The characteristics of tones are that Yinqu belongs to the falling-rising tone,
and the falling-rising tone is not distinguished between yin and yang tones.
Keywords: Hakka, Qieyun, She, medieval voice, consonants |
