傳統供應鏈(Supply Chain)是指產品從原物料商到最終顧客端中間所有成員組成的網路結構，而傳統供應鏈管理(Supply Chain Management)是為了使整個供應鏈系統達到最小成本而將所有成員組織在一起進行有效率的管理。但是，傳統供應鏈面對市場需求的變化需要更多時間做出正確回應，再者，傳統供應鏈是以供應商角度出發而未考慮顧客端的影響因素。造成上下游溝通不良而導致長鞭效應產生。以需求為導向之需求鏈管理（Demand Chain Management）因應而生，並針對需求變動不定的顧客提供有效管理方針，使顧客與供應商達到更有效率的溝通。需求鏈管理在資訊流通上會比供應鏈管理更即時化且精確。 本研究應用企業流程分析與設計(Business Process Analysis and Design)為主要架構。用流程分析法ARIS方法來分析流程達到改善的效果。並且利用物件導向的方式建立資訊平台以結合需求鏈與供應鏈，規劃最佳流程以減少長鞭效應。 近年來，汽車製造商與客戶之間的關係更要求緊密結合以提升在市場中的競爭力。本研究以分析台灣汽車產業需求鏈為例，展示如何應用ARIS與物件導向的方法分析與設計以及建立資訊平台，以幫助汽車產業的需求鏈提升效率。 ;Whereas supply chain is defined as the set of processes and resources that produces and delivers finished goods from raw materials, conventional Supply Chain Management (SCM) aims at high efficiency and precise deliveries. However, with insufficient consideration of demand factors, this conventional practice takes long time to respond to demand variation that leads to poor communication and bullwhip effect. In contrast, Demand Chain Management (DCM) provides better a solution for responding to demand variation and establishes strong relationship with trading partners. In terms of information communication, DCM has been proven having quicker response and greater accuracy than SCM. This study proposes a methodological framework for Business Process Analysis and Design. Specifically, ARIS, a business process modeling methodology, is adopted to analyze and improve demand chain process. Furthermore, to integrate DCM with and SCM, object-oriented methodology is applied to construct the information platform for the communication between trading partners. Thus, with the improved processes and information platform, bullwhip effect can be reduced. Lately, car manufacturers are facing intense competition and demands even better relationships with their customers. This study will take Taiwan’s automobile industry as an example to demonstrate the application of ARIS and object-oriented methodology to design demand chain processes and information platform for improving performance and efficiency.
