| 摘要: | 台灣地區農業經濟發展，在全球化的浪潮下，因國際貿易受到衝擊，鄉村內部也因一級農產業的式微浮現出種種問題。如何解決活絡農村經濟發展的問題，為目前相關政策制定之一大挑戰。鑒於此因，鄰國日本亦因二次大戰後，糧食短缺與農村高齡化，加上人口外移種種因素，日本今村奈良臣提出「六級產業」之相關概念，藉由發揮一級、二級乃至三級的結合，達成日本全國農村地方經濟發展，重振在地農業生產。而生產、加工與行銷的連結一體化，創造新產品，活絡農業經濟；更重要的，六級產業的目標增加鄉村雇用率；且藉由不同政策法案之實施，彰顯六級產業理論之演變過程，活絡區域產業。
本研究藉由六級產業此一理論，探究苗栗縣公館鄉紅棗產業之經營與發展策略。利用文獻分析法、社會網絡分析法與深度訪談法，並以日本實施政策之個案對照，分析公館紅棗產區網絡協力與經營策略。研究發現公館鄉眾多不同特色產業與豐富之文化背景，有利紅棗產業進行群聚發展。而符合六級產業運作有八項：永續農業、有機無毒、安全友善環境、品牌化農產品、附加價值之提升、智慧型農業初始、地產地銷、活絡農產經濟、部門協力，以及城鄉交流；而尚待改善者如糧食自給率並未提升、弱勢人力未特別注重利用、高齡化問題、資源投入不均、公私部門溝通不良、技術未提升、缺乏創新性產品，以及產業連結斷裂等八項，希冀藉由本研究發現，對政府發展相關農村經濟之政策制定有所助益。
;Under the wave of globalization, the development of Taiwan’s agricultural economy was gradually impacted by international trade. Inside the rural areas, because the primary industry has become weaker than before, many problems have emerged in recent years. The most important challenge of making policies is how to prosper rural economy. According to Japan, after the end of the World War II, the country faced food crisis and population aging, and immigration in the rural communities. Therefore, “the Sixth Industrialization” was promoted by Imamura Naraomi, an agricultural economist in National Tokyo University. Sixth Industrialization, Creating rural economy values and increasing prosperity in Japanese rural areas used the combination of primary
, secondary and teriary indutry.The Sixth Industrialization means combination projects what agriculture, food processing and retail to create new products and stimulate rural economy. Moreover, the goal of Sixth Industrialization is increasing employment rates in rural areas. By implementing may policies emphasize the Sixth Industrialization’s evolution and make rural economy become more prosperous.
Research tried to use Sixth Industrialization to examine the operation and strategies in developing Gogguan Ziziphus-Jujuba industry. The research found that various characteristic industries and abundance of cultural stories in Gogguan Country and leaded to cluster development in Ziziphus-Jujuba industry. There are 8 items corresponded to Sixth Industrialization concept, including sustainable agriculture , organic and non-toxic production, branding agricultural products, enhancing the additional value of agricultural products, initial smart agriculture, local production to consumption , increasing rural economy, public-private partnership, and rural-urban migration. On the other hand, there are some items needed to be improved such as less on food self-sufficiency rate, vulnerable group management, population aging, inequality in economy resource, barriers of communication between private and public sectors, non-improvement in technical skills, lacking of innovation, and broken industry chain. It is expected that the results is helpful for government policy-making. |
