| 摘要: | (1) 快速製成之PDMS非球面透鏡陣列且具顯微功能應用手持式智慧型裝置
由於過去商業用顯微鏡體積龐大，不易攜帶且單價昂貴，並不是社會大眾都能夠輕易擁有來觀察顯微世界。如今智慧型手機、平板之蓬勃發展，尤其是相機部分。近年來，感光元件、像素、影像處理系統大幅提升，使現今智慧型手機之成像品質越來越精細。經由上述各種因素我們提出了利用聚二甲基矽氧烷（Polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS），再利用熱固化、重力等因素來快速製造出低成本且成像品質優異，具有顯微功能之非球面透鏡。此透鏡之成像品質能夠媲美商業顯微鏡。透過控制PDMS溶劑量製造出10~50倍之顯微鏡。我們控制劑量製作出4種不同放大倍率及焦距之PDMS非球面透鏡，其焦距分為7.03mm、 6.00mm、5.33mm 和 4.43mm。此外為了使PDMS非球面透鏡擁有更多功能，我們設計了具有三種變形機制的變形機構，藉由機構中的PDMS薄膜彈性變形，改變透鏡形狀進而改變焦距，使機構擁有顯微變焦、大範圍調焦之功能，最後結合智慧型手機、平板成為低成本且方便攜帶之多功能顯微鏡。
(2) 流體透鏡結合可變焦PDMS非球面透鏡之特性與應用
在流體透鏡中不需要任何機械元件即可調整焦距，僅需控制注入液體量來控制焦距，我們在一般流體透鏡中加入PDMS非球面透鏡(Aspheric polydimethylsiloxane lens, APL)搭配PDMS薄膜，製作出可顯微變焦之雙功能流體透鏡，此透鏡同時擁有顯微變焦及大範圍調焦之功能。在顯微變焦之雙功能流體透鏡中透過流體控制器改變壓差而驅動APL結合PDMS薄膜(APL/membrane composite (APLMC))產生變形。經由薄膜變形使具顯微變焦之雙功能透鏡擁有3種變形調焦模式:(I)可變焦顯微模式、(II)coovex-concave mode 及 (III)bi-concave mode。我們經由注入microscope oil做為控制體積的液體，其(II/III)模式下變焦範圍分別為1.2cm/6.2cm至2.5cm/62.5cm，此外，在可變焦顯微模式(I)中，透過APLMC薄膜之彈性作動而改變焦距，焦距變化可從4.3mm至2.3mm，且擁有50倍放大倍率，透過疊加方式可讓被率達至200倍，其影像品質接近商業顯微鏡，可算是媲美商業顯微鏡，其優點在於擁有色彩真實性。
;(1) A fast processing route of aspheric polydimethylsiloxane lenses array (APLA) and optical characterization for smartphone microscopy
A fast processing route of aspheric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) lenses array (APLA) is proposed via the combined effect of inverted gravitational and heat-assisted forces. The fabrication time can be dramatically reduced to ~30 secs, compared favorably to the traditional duration of ~2 hrs of repeated cycles of addition-curing processes. In this paper, a low-cost flexible lens can be fabricated by repeatedly depositing, inverting, curing a hanging transparent PDMS elastomer droplet on a previously deposited curved structure. Complex structures with aspheric curve features and various focal lengths can be successfully produced and the fabricated 4 types of APLA have various focal lengths in the range of 7.03mm, 6.00mm, 5.33mm, and 4.43mm, respectively. Empirically, a direct relationship between the PDMS volume and focal lengths of the lenses can be experimentally deducted. Using these fabricated APLA, an ordinary commercial smartphone camera can be easily transformed to a low-cost, portable digital microscopy (50× magnification) such that point of care diagnostic can be implemented pervasively.
(2) A lab-on-phone instrument with varifocal microscope via a liquid-actuated aspheric lens (LAL)
In this paper, we introduce a novel concept of liquid-actuated aspheric lens (LAL) with a built-in aspheric polydimethylsiloxane lens (APL) to enable the design of compact optical systems with varifocal microscopic imaging. The varifocal lens module consists of sandwiched structures such as 3D printed syringe pump functionally serves as liquid controller. Other key components include two acrylic cylinders, a rigid separator, a APL/membrane composite (APLMC) embedded PDMS membrane. In functional operation, the fluidic controller was driven to control the pressure difference and ALPMC deformation. The focal length can be changed through the pressure difference. This is achieved by the adjustment of volume change of injected liquid such that a widely tunable focal length. The proposed LAL can transform to 3 modes: microscopic mode (APLMC only), convex-concave mode and biconcave mode. It is noticeable that LAL in the operation of microscopic mode is tunable in focus via the actuation of APLMC (focal length is from 4.3 to 2.3 mm and magnification 50X) and can rival the images quality of commercial microscopes. A new lab-on-phone device is economically feasible and functionally versatile to offer a great potential in the point of care applications. |
