摘要 本研究所討論的內容分成二大部份，一是鋪面績效評估，另一是探討非均佈荷重所造成之影響，分別說明如下： 在路面績效評估方面，本研究以三維有限元素鋪面結構分析模式，根據中山高速公路軸重調查，分析中山高速公路斷面在交通載重下的鋪面結構反應，並且以應變狀態做為路面績效評估時破壞準則的依據。分析結果與AASHTO設計準則建議值比較下顯示，損害普遍較AASHTO以服務指數經驗方法估算之損害程度為高，依AASHTO設計法設計之路面會低估交通載重對鋪面之損害，而可能發生較設計年限提早破壞的情形。 在探討非均佈荷重之影響方面，本研究所以輪胎模型模擬出輪胎與鋪面表面的接觸應力，分析不同打氣胎壓與單軸雙輪載重作用下對鋪面的反應。分析結果顯示，鋪面的表面開裂將可能發生雙輪中央處；而鋪面的表面車轍將可能發生在接近輪胎邊緣處，並且破壞與重車的高胎壓、高軸重有關。在以均佈荷重作用於柔性鋪面上，並無法模擬出鋪面表面的反應，只有非均佈載重可以模擬出真實鋪面反應。 ABSTRACT This study consists of two parts. One is performance-based pavement evaluation; the other is the influence of tire-pavement non-uniform contact stresses. In the part of performance-based pavement evaluation, this study developed a 3-dimensional finite element model in calculating pavement response under traffic loading. The effects of the Sun Yat-Sen Freeway section on pavement damage caused by traffic loading are analyzed. The results show that, by compare is with AASHTO design guide, the AASHTO equivalent axle load factor used to design tends to underestimate the pavement damage. In the influence of tire-pavement non-uniform contact stresses, this study developed a tire model to model tire-pavement non-uniform contact stresses. The results show that, the surface crack occurred center of two tires; and the surface rutting occurred at the near tire edge. The distress relates with high tire pressure and axle load. The tire-pavement uniform contact stress can’t model the response of surface on pavement, only non-uniform contact stress can.
