跟骨骨也稱為足跟骨，是形成足部後部的最大的t骨。支柱骨與其前後兩側與距骨骨骼相連。跟骨被認為是最易發生骨折的t骨。跟骨骨折僅佔所有骨折的2％，但60％的t骨骨折[1]。根據距下關節受累，跟骨骨折可分為關節間骨折和關節外骨折兩種。關節後骨折是較常見的後路關節面涉及跟骨。 患者數據可以以幾種成像格式存儲，例如，計算機斷層掃描（CT）數據。 CT圖像是最近用於確定患者疾病的醫學圖像的演變。它是構建3-D圖像的2-D圖像序列。 CT圖像包含大量信息，例如可能無法通過目視檢查徹底和準確地分析的每個2D圖像切片信息。 本研究提出了一種對跟骨骨CT圖像進行分類和檢測骨折的新方法。在這個實驗中，我們在兩個數據集中進行實驗。第一個只有一個Dicom案例，第二個在所有數據集（兩個Dicom案例）中。我們結合形態操作和邊緣檢測方法，在分類和檢測過程中實現更好的輸入。在預處理步驟中，我們調整尺寸相同（224×224）的圖像以適應CNN方法。之後，我們轉換灰度圖像中的輸入圖像。之後，我們用圖像減去圖像的意思。卷積神經網絡也應用於分類過程，將骨分為幾類。我們從冠狀，橫向和矢狀視角的三個視角分為兩類（骨折和非骨折）。分類後，我們從骨折類別進行檢測，並確定跟骨的哪一部分被破壞。檢測也是三個觀點，也是橫向，矢狀和冠狀視角 ;Calcaneus, also called as heel bone, is the largest tarsal bone that forms the rear part of the foot. Cuboid bone articulates with its anterior and superior sides together with talus bone. Calcaneus is known to be the most fracture prone tarsal bone. Calcaneal fractures represent only about 2% of all fractures but 60% of tarsal bones fractures[1]. Based on subtalar joint involvement, calcaneal fractures can be categorized into two types: intraarticular fracture and extraarticular fracture. Intraarticular fractures are more common where posterior talar articular facet involves calcaneus. Patient data can be stored in several kinds of imaging format, e.g. Computer Tomography (CT) data. The CT images is the evolution of the medical images that recently used for determine the disease from the patient. It is a sequence of 2-D images that construct 3-D images. CT images contain a significant amount of information, such as fracture information in each slice of 2-D images that may not be thoroughly and accurately analyzed via visual inspection. This study proposed a new method to classify and detect the fracture in calcaneus bone CT images. In this experiment, we do the experiment in two dataset. The first one in just one Dicom case and the second one in the all dataset (two Dicom case). Both morphological operation and edge detection methods were combined in order to achieve better input in classification and detection processes. In the pre-processing step, the images were resized into the same size (224 x 224) to fit in the CNN method. After that the input images were converted in the grayscale images. After that, the images were subtracted with the images mean. Convolutional Neural Network was also applied in the classification process in order to classify the bone into several classes. Two classes were classified (fracture and non-fracture) from three views that are coronal, transversal, and sagittal view. After classification, the detection were done from the fracture class and determine in which part of calcaneus bone was broken. The detection is from three views also that is transversal, sagittal, and coronal views.
