| 摘要: | 本論文主要是設計一種可切換色溫的無影手術燈之光學系統設計。擬開發的無影手術燈屬於多模組式的燈具，由複數個模組單元配置而成，每個模組單元又由數種不同的LED晶片設計而成，再經由調變這些LED晶片的輸出功率，以達到可切換色溫的目標。光學設計目標：切換色溫的範圍3750K-5250K；中心照度≥176,000 lx；光野直徑D50 ≥200 mm且D50 ≥ 0.5×D10；演色性Ra值≥95；單遮板與雙遮板之無影度分別≥85%與55%；照明深度≥100cm。燈具二次光學部分選用雙反射罩型式，利用光線追跡法，得到雙反射罩初步輪廓，再利用光學模擬軟體進行驗證與優化，設計出高準直、高使用效率且符合手術燈光野直徑特性的燈具。手術燈模組單元部分，首先選用日亞公司219B系列的3顆藍光、4顆綠光以及14顆白光等三種LED晶片進行研究；接著，我們撰寫一套21顆LED排列的演算法，透過此演算法得到數種混光效果較佳的排列；再透過混光優化系統—混光腔與擴散板，提升整體手術燈的混光效果，使整體的色彩均勻度，得到了顯著的提升。多模組部分，依據模組單元混光較佳結果，加上手術燈規範的中心照度和無影度需求，配置成一座五個模組單元的多模組無影手術燈具，透過模組單元傾斜15度，達到無影度需求，並滿足照明深度的目標，而整個燈具大小約為66.6cm。
根據設計結果顯示，我們成功設計出一種可切換色溫的無影手術燈光學系統，達成預定的目標。其相關燈具結果為：中心照度約177,000 lx；5250K、4750K、4250K及3750K等四個特定切換色溫，色溫誤差範圍均為±150K；光野直徑：D50=221mm、D10=303mm，
滿足D50 ≥ 0.5×D10；演色性Ra值皆在95以上；單遮板與雙遮板之無影度分別90%與56%；照明深度≥100cm。
;This thesis is mainly to study on a dual-reflector-type LED surgical task lighting with switchable color temperature. The shadowless surgical lamp to be developed belongs to a multi-module lamp, which is composed of a plurality of module units and each module unit is designed by several different LED chips. We adjust power to goal of switchable color temperature. Optical design goal: switch colour temperature range 3750K-5250K; central illuminance ≥ 176,000 lx; light field diameter D50 ≥ 200 mm and D50 ≥ 0.5 × D10; color rendering index Ra value ≥ 95; single mask and double masks of shadow dilution ≥85% and 55%; depth of illumination ≥100cm. The optical part of the lamp adopts the dual-reflector, and the preliminary outline got by the ray-trace method. Using the optical simulation software verified and optimized. In the surgical light module part, we first selected three kinds of LED chips, such as 3 blue LED chips, 4 green LED chips and 14 white LED chips, from Nichia Corporation′s 219B series. Then, we wrote a set of 21 LED array program. The program obtains a better arrangement of several kinds of light mixing effects; and then through the light mixing optimization system-mixing cavity and diffusing plate, the light mixing effect of the overall surgical lamp is improved, and the overall color uniformity is significantly improved. The multi-module surgical lamp is configured as a multi-module shadowless surgical luminaire of five module units according to the better result of the module unit mixing light, plus the central illuminance and the shadowless requirement of the surgical lamp specification, through the module unit Tilting 15 degrees to achieve shadow dilution and meeting the goal of illumination depth, and the entire fixture size is about 66.6cm.
Keywords: Surgical lamp, Switchable color temperature, High Color Rendering Index, Shadow dilution, LED chip, reflector |
