| 摘要: | i
摘要
農業是提供糧食及維持人類生計的根本， 隨著時代演變， 農業發展， 在運
用勞力及智慧變更了土地的原始面貌之餘， 也同時剝奪了其他物種生存的空間
及權益。甚至， 因為農藥、殺蟲劑、除草劑、肥料等化學物質施用， 及農業發
展的演進，不僅破壞了生態環境，也危及人類的健康、安全與命脈延續，是此，
是不是更應由人類肩負起環境正義的使命， 秉持「生態中心主義」的意涵， 關
懷並尊重自然生態， 讓人類與環境能和平共容、永續發展。
面對全球暖化、空氣污染、能源枯竭及糧食短缺等問題日趨嚴重， 加上對
「生命共同體」的認知， 推動環境保護的議題備受關注， 本文探究台灣農業發
展所面臨的難題及以「生態(有機)農業」的方式為解決之道， 正是以兼顧環境
倫理與生態維護兩者關係為主。
本研究以台灣農業發展對於環境衝擊為基底，反思人與自然界的對待關係，
及考量生態環境和經濟的互動， 試以《荀子》思想解讀人類對待大地的態度，
並尋求兼顧人類和大自然的關聯，相互對照東西方哲學思想，共謀「永續發展」
契機。
關鍵字： 農業發展、荀子、環境倫理、生態中心主義、永續發展;Agr icul ture is the foundat ion of providing food and the basic essent ials of
maintaining our l ives . Wi th the evolut ion of the t ime , agr icul tural development s
have changed the or iginal appearance s of the lands by using product ive labor and
wisdom, but at the same t ime these developments have depr ived the space and the
r ights of other species to survive. Moreover, as we apply chemical substances such
as pest icides, insect icide, herbicides and fer t i l izers to the agr icul tural f ields and
wi th the evolut ion of agr icul tural development s, we not only dest roy the
ecological envi ronment , but also endanger t h e h uma n b e i n g s ’ h e a l t h , s a f e t y, and
cont inuat ion of l i fe. Therefore, we as human beings should take the
responsibi l i t ies of the just ice for the envi ronment . We should uphold the meaning
of "ecological cent ral ism", care and respect the natural ecology and enable human
beings and the envi ronment to cooperate peaceful ly and develop sustainably.
In the face of global warming, ai r pol lut ion, energ y deplet ion and food
shor tages and also the awareness of the "l i fe communi ty", we should pay more
at tent ion to the issues on how to promote envi ronmental protect ion. This research
is mainly focused on the problems of agr icul ture developments that we face in
Taiwan and the way we solve these problems by “ecological (organic) agr icul ture ” ,
which is based on the relat ionship between envi ronmental ethics and ecological
maintenance.
Based on the envi ronmental impact s of agr icul tural development s in Taiwan,
this research ref lects on the relat ionship between human and nature and studies the
interact ion between the ecological envi ronment and the economy. We t ry to
interpret human at t i tudes toward the ear th wi th the idea of "Xunzi" and seek the
balance of human beings and the nature. Also, we compare the di fferent
phi losophical thoughts be tween Eastern and Western and t ry to f ind the
oppor tuni ty for "sustainable development s."
Keywords: Agr icul tural development s, Xunzi , Envi ronmental ethics, Ecological
cent ral ism, Sustainable development s |
