台灣住宅部門是用電大宗約占總消費電量的五分之一，討論住宅部門電力效率的影響有助於解決台灣目前嚴峻的缺電問題，本文使用多元回歸模型及異質穩健標準誤討論家庭人口特徵、家庭特性及生活情況、各級距電價和地區對對家庭電力使用效率進行研究。 台灣整體而言家庭人口數、老年人口數、幼年人口數、冷氣機數量、實質電價、月電費、住宅大小、戶內總所得、戶長教育程度、家戶所在行政區域與時間趨勢皆對住宅電力效率有重要影響；對不同電價級距而言僅電價、戶內電費及時間趨勢為六個級距的共同重要變數，將電價係數算成彈性再計算成各級距節電量後發現，以電價級距330至500度為低點各電價級距彈性由用電度低至高變化呈U字形；各電價級距中價格調整引起的節電效果以月用電為120至330度電價級距最佳，節電量可佔總節省電量的35%；根據地區別實證研究結果顯示北、中、南、東四區之中，北中南三區的用電效率與台灣整體而言重要變數類似，東部用電效率則受家庭人口組成影響不顯著；四區比較之下，北部用電效率受價格波動影響最小，且價格對節電效率的影響符合邊際節電量遞減的原則呈凹函數，說明在北部缺電問題無法解決且持續缺電的情況下，除加強用電級距的差別取價外，區域別的差別取價政策也可以考慮執行的可能性。 ;The main objective of this paper is to explore how household power efficiency is affected by power efficiency and the composition of the household population. We used multiple regression analysis and heterogeneous standard error to create models and used the household income and expenditure survey to analyze 203,473 data from 1999 to 2015. The main findings of this paper are as : (1) The composition of the family population has a significant impact on power efficiency. (2) Among the electricity price intervals, 120 to 330 degrees have the best power saving effect. (3) Price elasticity of electric efficiency in the northern region is the lowest, but the electricity consumption in the north is the highest. Therefore, the price adjustment will still help the overall efficiency improvement.
