| 摘要: | 新竹縣峨眉鄉為農業鄉鎮，惟人口高齡化及青壯年人口外流等問題，已影響到當地生活方式和整體產業發展，在政府配套措施下，促使勞動力回流已不再是關鍵課題，能夠持續吸引年輕人返鄉從農後繼續留下來才是目前重要課題。
本研究採用半結構訪談法，以新竹縣峨眉鄉十二寮為主要研究標的，共計訪談20位在地人士，並藉由滾雪球方式逐步找到受訪者，訪談過程中主要探究其返鄉的關鍵因素，也了解目前青年返鄉所遇之問題為何，最後聚焦討論青年返鄉後在當地實踐的實際效益。青年做為文化傳承之重要載體，由都市重返農村後，選擇以何種方式走進地方，在當地進行「擾動」，逐步形成新型態的永續發展模式，對當地的發展造成何種影響？是否能帶來經濟和社會上的效益，同時維持生態的平衡？
本研究的發現如下：一、返鄉青年能適時結合外部資源，並與在地居民建立良好關係，同時也使在地居民關係更為緊密，對於老年人口照護有間接性的幫助 二、返鄉青年執行計畫的過程中因外界不同聲音干擾，影響活動推展，導致計劃無法順利進行 三、返鄉青年非當地長久生長的在地人，思考角度易流於個人主觀，不利於「在地化」四、政府資源過度集中在單一團體，對當地產業資源整合造成負面影響。
最後，本研究做為新興免費生活圈的社區，其初衷乃至歷程和遭遇的阻礙，給予後進有志返鄉的團隊一些指引，讓返鄉紮根不再是一時的口號或潮流，能夠成為永續的發展模式。
;Hsinchu Country is a dominant agricultural area ; however, the aging of population and the exodus of young and middle-aged population had already impeded the development of agriculture. Under government support measures, promoting labor force to return is no longer a major problem. How to keep attracting young people back to village and retain them become the foremost subject.
The semi-structure interview method was adopted in this study, and the Shiherliao of Emei Township in Hsinchu County was taken as the main research target. About total of 20 local people were interviewed, and the respondents were gradually founded by snowballing. The interview process not only mainly explored the key to return home, but also understood the current problems encountered by young people returning home. In the end, focusing on the actual benefits of local practice after returning home. As an important carrier of cultural inheritance, young people choose to enter the rural place after living in the city, and carry out “disturbance” to the local area, gradually forming a new type of sustainable development model, which causes what kind of local development influence? Can it bring economic and social benefits while maintaining an ecological balance?
The findings of this study are as follows: First, the returning youth can combine external resources and establish good relations with the local residents. At the same time, the residents in the local area are more closely related, and there is indirect help for the elderly care. Second, in the process of implementing the plan, the young people interfere with the activities of the outside world, which affects the activities and promotes the plan. As a result, the plan can′t be carried out smoothly. Third, the returning youths are not local people who living in the countryside for long time. The angle of thinking is easy to flow subjectively, which is not conducive to localization. Fourth, government resources are excessively concentrated in a single group, which has a negative impact on the integration of local industrial resources.
Finally, as a community of emerging free living circles, its original intentions and even the obstacles of the process and encounters, give some guidance to the team who is willing to return to the countryside, so that returning to the countryside is no longer a temporary slogan or trend, which can becomes a sustainable development model. |
