| 摘要: | 許多工業如火力電廠、水泥業、鋼鐵業等，其鍋爐和旋窯燃燒後會產生有害煙氣，根據空氣汙染防制法，廠商應設置煙氣淨化系統以符合汙染物之排放標準，並依實際排放量繳交空污費。現行煙氣淨化系統須針對不同汙染物購置不同設備，如去除懸浮微粒所使用之各式集塵器、脫硝所使用之觸媒或非觸媒選擇性還原法，以及脫硫所使用之濕式石尖/石灰石法、氫氧化鎂泥漿吸收法與鈉基吸收法等，因需購置前述不同煙氣淨化系統，將使得建置與運行成本大幅增加，並且不同除污設備所需之佔地面積甚大，在寸土寸金的台灣，對企業來說更是一大困難。是故，若能應用流體力學技術，開發一新型煙氣淨化技術，以提升煙氣淨化效率和減少除污設備所需之占地面積，將對處理工業汙泥之企業有重大之經濟效益。有鑑於此，中欣集團之中欣行企業與本計畫主持人全程合作申請本研究計畫，中欣行企業並保證支付本研究計畫合作企業配合經費新台幣30萬元。本計畫目標：擬使用超音速震波強化煙氣與化學藥劑噴霧液滴之混合，使化學藥劑接觸汙染物之反應表面積可以被大量增加，進而提升煙氣淨化效率與減少化學藥劑使用量。在後端可進階設置一液氣分離系統，將含有汙染物之液滴統一收集，而淨化後符合環保標準之煙氣即可排出。計畫工作項目：(1)在實驗室大型安全腔體內，建立一模擬煙氣流道系統；(2)於煙氣流道系統內，建立不同尺寸比例之de Lava nozzle（漸縮漸擴噴嘴），可通過高壓空氣產生不同位置和強度之震波；(3)在de Lava nozzle震波噴嘴外圓附近，建置三個等角度軸對稱之霧化器，將模擬之化學藥劑(先用水)噴霧至震波位置，霧化器可以微調噴霧角度（介於30度到45度之間）；(4)建立震波測試平台，使用高速紋影量測技術，量測噴霧液滴與震波之交相干涉，以確認和優化震波加強煙氣和噴霧液滴之混合效果；(5)在實驗室技術優化後，將放大震波煙氣淨化系統尺寸，並在合作企業之現有商業設備進行測試。若測試成功，未來合作企業可藉由串連數個超音速震波煙氣淨化系統過濾不同汙染物如懸浮微粒、硫氧化物、氮氧化物與重金屬等，將可有效減少建置與運行系統之成本與增強廠商競爭力。 ;Many industries, e.g., fire power plants, cement industry, steel industry, produce harmful flue gas after burning in boilers and rotary kilns. According to the air pollution control law, every company should not only construct flue gas cleaning system to meet the standard of emission of pollutants but also pay the pollution fees for the actual emission amount. Nowadays, the flue gas cleaning system has to build different facilities for different pollutants. For examples, the removal of particulates uses various dust collectors, de-NOx applies selective catalytic or non-catalytic reduction, and de-SOx is via various flue gas desulfurization methods. To construct these different facilities for different pollutants and to maintain the operation of these facilities are very expensive. Furthermore, these facilities require large land space that causes great difficulty and challenge to companies, especially that the available land is so limited in Taiwan. Therefore, if one can develop a new technique using advanced fluid dynamics to enhance flue gas cleaning efficiency and to reduce the requirement of land space, this has a great economic benefit for companies especially for handling sludge environmental companies. In response to such need, The AX GROUP（中欣集團）approaches to the principle investigator and offers her promise to financially support of NT$300,000 as the company cooperation budget for the application of the current proposal. This proposal aims to enhance the mixing between flue gas and chemical spray droplets by using shock waves that should increase significantly the contact area between flue gas and chemical spray droplets, thereby enhancing flue gas cleaning efficiency and reducing the usage amounts of chemical liquids. A liquid/gas separation system can be further installed at the end of the flue gas cleaning system that can be used to collect chemical liquid droplets with pollutants. Thus, the flue gas after cleaning that meet the standard of emission can be then emitted. The working items include the followings. (1) We will establish a testing flue gas pipe system in a large safety chamber in our laboratory. (2) Inside the flue gas pipe, several de Lava nozzles with various sizes and scales are designed and built to generate shock waves at different positions with different strength using high-pressure air. (3) We will install three axisymmetric identical atomizers around the outside perimeter of the de Lava nozzle that can inject chemical (water first) spray droplets into the position of shock wave. The injection angle of these three equally positioned identical atomizers can be adjusted between 30 and 45 degree with respect to the shock wave. (4) A shock wave test platform will be established. We apply the high-speed schlieren imaging technique to measure the interactions between spray liquid droplets and shock wave in attempt to confirm and optimize their mixing efficiency of such shock-wave mixing enhancement technology. After optimizing the technique, we will scale up the size of the flue gas cleaning system and try to install it in the existing commercial equipment of our counterpart company. Finally, this proposal should be important for enhancing the flue gas cleaning efficiency. |
