| 摘要: | 流行病學報告指出空氣污染物的暴露與非惡性和惡性肺病以及其他呼吸道疾病之 間的關聯性。根據衛福部公布 2017 年的國人十大死因，肺癌死亡率已連 8 年居首， 呼吸道疾病也位居第八名。因此對在長時間暴露於戶外而引起呼吸道疾病的患者 來說，空氣品質因子的濃度界定，顯得相當重要。本研究對象來自台北的國泰醫院 和桃園的壢新醫院前者為654,808名病患的資料，後者則是517,781名病患的資料。 比較兩家醫院與全民健保資料庫的門診資料並且分析多種疾病就診情況，並透過 環保署空氣監測數據，加以整合。利用敘述統計，可以估計 PM10、PM2.5、CO、 NO2、SO2、O3 及 RH 的濃度相關性以及多種疾病就診情況分布與空氣品質因子 的相關性。我們發現 NO2 與 CO 的濃度隨時間的變化呈現極高的相關程度，也發 現 RH 與其他空氣汙染因子的濃度變化呈現負相關。關於疾病的部分，我們觀察 到被診斷有呼吸系統疾病的患者，就診情況與大部份空氣品質因子變化呈現中度 正相關的結果。未來若是有患者的生理數值 ( 例如：檢體數值、肺部相關檢測數 值 ) 及影響空氣汙染因子的相關數據 ( 例如：境外空氣汙染來源時間、季節氣候、 降雨分布 ) 將可有更精確的結論。;The epidemiologic investigation has indicated the association between air pollution, non malignant, malignant lung diseases, as well as other respiratory diseases. According to the Taiwanese Ministry of Health and Welfare had announced the leading cause of death from 2009 to 2017, lung cancer was the most killer in Taiwan, while the respiratory disease mortality in eighth place in 2017. Defining the threshold of air pollution for the disease is one of the most important for people who were long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution. The subjects were from the Cathay General Hospital (CGH) in Taipei City and the Landseed International Hospital (LSH) in Taoyuan City. Comparing with the NHIRD and analyze the proportion of various diseases using the outpatient visited from CGH and LSH. Through Taiwanese EPA ′s air monitoring public data, using narrative statistics to estimate the concentration correlations between multiple diseases and air quality factors (PM10, PM2.5, CO, NO2, SO2, O3, and RH). We found that the concentration of NO2 and CO had a highly positive correlation with time. It was also found that RH has a negative correlation with the other air pollution factors. Regarding the diseases, we observed positive correlations between the outpatient who diagnosed the diseases of respiratory system with the most air quality factors. Through our research, we believe that adding more physiological values (such as clinical sample values, lung related test values, etc.) and related data affecting air pollution factors (for example time source of outdoor air pollution, seasonal climate, rainfall distribution, etc.) to analyze further research in the future. |
