地方政府資助藝術文化型非營利組織的影響─以桃園市客家演藝團體為例;A Study on Effects of Local Government Funding on Arts and Cultural Nonprofit Organization: The Case Studies of the Hakka Performing Arts Groups in Taoyuan City, Taiwan

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Title:	地方政府資助藝術文化型非營利組織的影響─以桃園市客家演藝團體為例;A Study on Effects of Local Government Funding on Arts and Cultural Nonprofit Organization: The Case Studies of the Hakka Performing Arts Groups in Taoyuan City, Taiwan
Authors:	陳之川;Chen, Chih-Chuan
Contributors:	法律與政府研究所
Keywords:	政府資助;藝術文化型非營利組織;客家社團;客家演藝團體;government funding;arts and cultural non-profit organization;Hakka associations;Hakka performing arts group
Date:	2019-07-12
Issue Date:	2019-09-03 14:57:02 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	受到在地化及社區意識的興起，越來越多地方性非營利組織出現，地方性非營利組織受限於在地性，往往規模及活動場域遠不及全國性非營利組織，在財物、場地、設備等有形資源上都仰賴地方政府的資助（包含契約委外以及獎補助）；地方政府基於增進效率、專業性、減輕財政負擔等理由，逐漸將部分業務交由非營利組織承擔。本研究所探討的演藝活動，正是一個典型的案例，演藝活動中，無論是歌謠、舞蹈、樂器還是戲劇，都必須要長期的訓練，與政府一般行政職能相去甚遠，因而，交由非營利組織負責才有其專業性並能減輕政府負擔。桃園市擁有全臺最高的客家人口，客家人口約占全市的半數，客家社團林立，而這些客家社團多半以表演藝術做為發揚客家文化的主要方式。本研究對桃園市的五個客家演藝團體進行深度訪談，並透過訪談的內容來瞭解政府的資助對於演藝團體本身的工具性角色以及表達性角色所造成的影響。並將五個客家演藝團體依接受政府資助比例高低分別比較，經分析後呈現研究發現：一、政府希望設置更多的客家社團，借助民間力量推廣客家文化；二、大多數客家演藝團體的自主性有待提升；三、客家創新的困難；四、現行客家演藝團體的法制定位不明確；五、客家演藝團體的社會資本與倡議性不足；六、現行客家演藝團體無法支撐成熟的地方客家公民社會。最後，根據研究結果，本研究分別針對桃園市政府以及桃園市客家演藝團體提出建議，供後續政府與演藝團體之間的互動參考。;With the rise of local consciousness and community consciousness, more and more local non-profit organizations have emerged. Subject to local constraints, local non-profit organizations are usually smaller in size and have smaller activity space compared to national non-profit organizations. In many aspects, including finance, activity space, and facilities, they need support of the local government (including contracting out and subsidization). To improve efficiency and professionalism, and alleviate financial burden, local governments are gradually outsourcing a portion of their operations to non-profit organizations. The arts and cultural non-profit organizations discussed in this study are a classic example. Among performing arts activities, ballad, dancing, instrumental, and drama performances all require long-term training, which is not a field related to the general administrative functions of a government. Outsourcing this kind of activities to non-profit organizations can ensure the professional quality of the activities and also reduce the burden on the government. Taoyuan City has the largest Hakka population in Taiwan, with Hakka people taking up about 50% of the city’s total population. There are numerous Hakka associations in the city, and most of them use performing arts as the main approach to promote Hakka culture. Through in-depth interviews with five Hakka performing arts groups in Taoyuan City, this study explored the effect of government funding on the instrumental and expressive roles of performing arts groups. Further, this study compared these five Hakka performing arts groups by ratio of government funding. The findings included: (1) The government hopes that more Hakka associations can be established to assist the government in promoting Hakka culture; (2) Most Hakka performing arts groups need an improvement of their autonomy; (3) Hakka innovation is difficult; (4) The current legal status for Hakka performing arts groups is unclear; (5) Hakka performing arts groups do not have enough social capital and advocacy; (6) The existing Hakka performing arts groups are unable to support a mature local Hakka civil society. Finally, based on the results, this study proposed suggestions for Taoyuan City Government and Hakka performing arts group in Taoyuan City respectively. The suggestions can be a reference for future interactions between the government and performing arts groups.
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