| 摘要: | 鼻咽癌的發病機制被認為與EBV(Epstein-Barr virus)病毒相關，因此目前多藉由針對EBV 抗體做早期篩選及MRI 和PET 進行病灶評估和追蹤有否局部復發或遠端轉移。此外，近期技術也利用聚合酶鏈反應(PCR)檢測血漿中EBV DNA，這被認為是有效監控鼻咽癌復發或轉移的方法。然而，現有的這些檢測方式，各有些缺點，如:需一定量的血液檢體(EBV抗體及EBV DNA)、檢測費用相對高(MRI、PET)、檢測敏感度低(EBV 抗體)與耗時(EBV DNA)、昂貴檢測設備(MRI、PET)等，因此需要有突破性的感測方法來解決此瓶頸。石墨烯是一種單原子層的碳材料，具有優異的導電性，其組成原子皆裸露於環境，被廣泛用於生醫感測元件，包含DNA、蛋白質、細菌、神經細胞等，其感測原理是藉由在石墨烯接枝探測分子，當待測檢體吸附後，造成電荷轉移至石墨烯，因石墨烯的優異導電性，即便是單一分子的吸附，都能產生可解析的訊號響應，因此發展為高敏感性的感測平台，藉此感測分子的類別與其濃度。其優點是可達到無標記化的直接量測，並以電訊號而達到迅速感測。然而，石墨烯的結晶品質、導電性和表面潔淨度，攸關感測效能，而目前高潔淨與高品質石墨烯製備仍是一大瓶頸。本研究專注於潔淨度對於石墨烯檢測效能之影響因子，將建立一種場效電晶體式的石墨烯DNA 感測晶片，本次利用高潔淨度表面，比習用的製程製備的石墨烯之感測度提升了95 %和敏感度提升了82 %，在可靠度誤差值僅有0.0272，其在專一性上有極佳的性能，在量測不匹配(HPV-18 DNA) 10 nM雜交時的狄拉克點的位移變化量，小於匹配(EBV DNA) 1 pM雜交後產生的狄拉克點的位移，更是與雜交後的位移量相差8.2倍。;The pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is thought to be related to EBV (Epstein-Barr virus). Currently, anti-EBV antibody was widely used for early screening of NPC cases, and MRI and PET are used for evaluation of the lesion and also for monitoring whether there is local recurrence or distant metastasis, In addition, recent technology also utilizes polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in detection of plasma EBV DNA, which is thought to be an effective way to monitor the recurrence or metastasis of NPC. However, the current detection methods show several shortcomings respectively, such as the need for adequate volume of blood (for both anti-EBV antibody or EBV DNA), relatively high costs (MRI and PET), low detection sensitivity (anti-EBV antibody) and time-consuming (EBV DNA), as well as the expensive equipment (MRI、PET).
Thus, it is important to find out a breakthrough sensing method to solve these issues. Graphene is a single atom layered material, which shows excellent electrical conductivity and its constituent atoms are exposed to the environment, allowing it been widely used in bio-/medical sensors, including DNA, protein, bacteria, nerve cells etc. The principle of this sensing mechanism is due to the significant charge transfer from adsorbed biomolecules to graphene. Because of the excellent conductivity of graphene, even the adsorption of a single molecule, resulting in an analytical response of the electrical signal. Therefore, this is beneficial for developing a highly sensitive sensing platform, where the sensing bio-specious and its concentration could be identified.
The graphene-based sensing platform shows the unique advantages that it can achieve a label-free detection and rapid analysis due to the use of electrical signals. However, the graphene crystallinity, conductivity and surface cleanliness of graphene have a critical effect on sensing performance, and the current high purity and high-quality graphene preparation are still challenging. This study the cleanliness on graphene detection performance and will establish a field-effect transistor-type graphene DNA sensor. This study, using the ultra-clean surface is used to increase the conventional process by 95 % and the sensitivity is improved by 82 %. The error value is only 0.0272, which has excellent performance in specificity. and there is excellent performance in specificity, the maximum concentration of mismatch DNA (10 nM) Dirac point variation less than the minimum complementary DNA concentration (1 pM). |
