都會區擴張直接導致地表覆蓋改變，抑制自然水循環之蒸發散與入滲等過程，進而改變陸氣交互作用與地表、地下水文特性。台灣都會區高度發展，加上高溫、洪水災害頻繁，探討調適手段造成地表水熱通量變化相當迫切；近年來台灣地區積極推動綠屋頂補助政策衍生相關產業逐漸成形，因此有必要深入評估綠屋頂在都會區中具有之實際功能。過去許多研究指出綠屋頂具滯留雨水及調節環境溫度之功能，但由於不同環境與條件下其功能存在極大差異，國外研究成果不全然適用於台灣之環境，而國內長期觀測驗證研究仍相對缺乏；因此規劃三年研究期程，第一年先建立模組化綠屋頂單元觀測系統，進行綠屋頂水平衡連續觀測與特性分析，釐清在模組化尺度下之綠屋頂單元蒸發散、降雨逕流特徵及植被用水需求；第二年進行綠屋頂能量平衡特性分析，同時探討綠屋頂對建築物不同熱源之效能，由觀測與分析結果參數化綠屋頂潛熱通量；第三年將整合前兩年研究成果，建立適用於綠屋頂之陸表過程模式，進行綠屋頂水文、能量與氣象因子之敏感度分析，提供完整量化綠屋頂水與能量平衡之工具。整合三年研究成果，除針對綠屋頂提供連續觀測數據與模式，也提供政府推動低碳城市、海綿城市以及水資源物聯網建置等之參考。 ;The alternation of land cover due to urban expansion increases the impervious area and inhibits the processes in the natural water cycle such as evapotranspiration and infiltration It causes the changes in the land-atmosphere interaction, the surface water, and the ground water. The urban area in Taiwan is highly developed and is vulnerable to the frequent extreme hot weather and flood events. It is urgent to investigate the effects of the adaptation strategies on the changes in the land-surface hydrological and heat fluxes. The policies of green roof subsidy that are actively promoted in recent years raise the related industries, increasing the needs of investigating the actual function of green roof in the urban area. Many studies have proofed the functions of green roof in retaining rainwater and adjusting ambient temperature. However, the functions of green roof vary with the environment and conditions. The findings of the previous research may not be applicable to the cases in Taiwan, and the number of the long-term studies in green roof measurement and model validation are still limited. Therefore, a three-year research progress is proposed in this study. In the first year, the green roof module and measurement system is built. The continuous observation is conducted, and the characteristics of water balance is analyzed, to clarify the feature of evapotranspiration and the runoff as well as the water consumption of the plant. In the second year, the energy balance of the green roof and its thermal effect on the building below are investigated. Moreover, the latent heat of green roof is parameterized based on the results of measurement and investigation. The outcomes of the first two years are integrated in the third year to develop a land surface process model and to conduct sensitivity analysis of the water and energy balance and the meteorological factors, providing a tool for comprehensively quantifying the water and the energy balance of a green roof. The results of the three-year project support the government-promoted policies of the low-carbon cities and sponge cities as well as the setup of the water resources Internet of Things (IoT) on the civil IoT platform, in addition to the continuous measurements and model of a green roof.
