| 摘要: | 本書欲以研究透徹的英、德、荷蘭、漢、日和韓語作為數據，為從理論和實驗兩方面深入研究的學者們，提供最先進的反身代名詞資源。目前文獻呈現關於該主題的信息零散，尚未有從理論和實驗的角度全面介紹反身代名詞。其實驗文獻中討論競爭理論模型的空間，及理論文獻考慮實驗結果僅存不多。本書目的是將這些方法結合起來，編織一個所有人都可以通過反身代詞獲得的權威資源。本文的理論觀點是，在一個語用語法連續體上可以看到回指，因此漢、日和韓語則認為具有語用學的反身代名詞，而英、德語具有語法學控制。以往通常只有一兩種語言被充分評估，因此這些理論適用於本文討論的所有語言。本書的另一個優點是它提供大量證據來支持理論立場。通過完全成熟的語言說話者來理解照應系統，而實驗處理文獻則提供更多樣化的數據庫。這包括兒童語言習得、第二語言習得、雙語和臨床研究等。還有多種方法的測試：心理語言學、神經語言學、行為數據等。我將提出一個包含這些語言的語法、語義和語用學的回指總體模型，討論語言如何使用這些模組處理其反身代詞，如何在連續體中佔據不同的位置。本書將對我們理解反身代名詞在各語言中的作用產生重要貢獻，這將有助於開拓反身代名詞研究的新途徑。 ;This book envisages to be a state-of-the-art resource on reflexive pronouns for those scholars approaching it from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, using the well-researched languages of English, German, Dutch, Chinese, Japanese and Korean as data. The current literature presents fragmented information on the topic, spread out between individual articles in books, journals, book chapters, and conference proceedings dedicated to a particular theoretical viewpoint. There is to date, no volume that presents a comprehensive picture of reflexive pronouns from both a theoretical and experimental perspective. Moreover, the experimental literature rarely has room to discuss competing theoretical models, and the theoretical literature seldom considers experimental results. Thus, this book aims to bring these strands together to weave an authoritative resource accessible by all on reflexive pronouns. The theoretical approaches to reflexive pronouns, contrasted against one another, are syntax (the Primitives of Binding model) and pragmatic theories (notably the revised neo-Gricean pragmatic theory of anaphora). The theoretical viewpoint pursued here is that anaphora can be viewed on a pragmatic – syntactic continuum, thus languages such as Chinese, Japanese and Korean are thought to have more pragmatically controlled reflexive pronouns, while languages such as English, Dutch German have strong, syntactically controlled reflexive pronouns. Importantly, these theories are applied to all the languages under discussion, as often only one or two have been adequately assessed.After the theoretical review, another strength of this book is the amount of evidence it pulls in to support the theoretical positions. That is, from a general theoretical perspective, the anaphoric system is understood through a fully matured language speaker (an adult), however the experimental processing literature presents a much more diverse database which can benefit theoretical development. The populations studied here are child language acquisition, second language acquisition, adult speakers, heritage language, bilingualism and clinical studies (which itself has diverse populations, such as autism spectrum). Furthermore, these populations have been tested with a diverse range of methodologies; psycholinguistic (self-paced reading, eye tracking, cross modal priming), neurolinguistic (fMRI, ERP) to traditional behavioral data such as judgment tests and even corpus data. Once all this data has been reviewed against the theories, I will propose an overarching model of anaphora (focusing on reflexive pronouns) incorporating syntax, semantics and pragmatics of these languages, discussing how different languages may occupy different positions on the continuum in their use of these modules to process their reflexive pronouns. This will show that undoubtedly separate theories are right in some regards, but put together as a working system we will come close to understand what we observe. In sum, this book is poised to make a significant contribution to our understanding of the workings of reflexive pronouns in a variety of languages, which will help open up new avenues in reflexive pronoun research for years to come. |
