| 摘要: | 摘 要
本文研究對象羅坊客家話通行於福建省連城縣羅坊鄉。閩西的地理位置處於
閩、粵、贛的交界，是方言的過渡地區，連城縣的方言，素有「五里不同音，十
里不同調」的說法，因連城山多平地少，交通之阻礙造成語言複雜與隔閡，縣內
有三十多種的語言，且有些互不相通，形成方言的王國。另一原因是早期不同的
移民來源以及周邊方言的接觸，左有純客縣的長汀縣，北有清流縣，右有閩語閩
中區的永安市，這有形成語言複雜多元的現象。羅坊客家話兼具底層語和閩、客
語的特徵。
全文分為六章，第一章緒論，說明研究動機、目的、方法，以及文獻回顧，
方言點及發音人介紹。第二章整理連城縣羅坊鄉取回的語料，將其聲、韻、調系
統，連讀變調及文白讀的情形做一整理歸納。第三章將羅坊整個音韻系統與中古
做比較，觀察其歷時音變。第四章以第三章的研究基底，整理出語音的特點，同
時與其他方言比較，檢視共時音變。第五章詞彙與中堡、培田和莒溪做比較。第
六章結論，呈現本文研究成果，同時提出檢討與建議。
關鍵字：閩西客家話、連城方言、羅坊客家話、歷時比較、方言比較、語音演變;Abstract
Luofang Hakka is spoken in Luofang Township of Liancheng County of Fujian
Province. Minsi is located at the border among Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi and is
the transition area of dialects. As to dialects of Liancheng County, there was the saying,
“different pronunciations and tones according to places”. In Liancheng, there are
numerous mountains and few plains and the obstacle of transportation resulted in
various kinds and complexity of languages. In the county, there are more than 30 kinds
of language and some of them cannot communicate with each other. It becomes the land
of dialects. In addition, in early times, there were different origins of immigrants and
contacts with dialects in the surroundings. The left is Changting County of Hakka, the
north is Qingliu County and the right is Yong′an City of Central Fujian of Min
languages. It results in complexity and diversity of language. Luofang Hakka shows the
characteristics of substratum, Min languages and Hakka.
This study includes 6 chapters. Chapter 1 is introduction which elaborates research
motives, purposes, methods, literature review, dialect points and introduction of
speakers. In Chapter 2, it reviews the language materials acquired from Luofang
Township of Liancheng County and generalizes the systems of sound, phonetics and
tone, tone sandhi and colloquial reading. In Chapter 3, it compares the whole Luofang
phonetic system with Zhong Ku to observe the evolution of sound. In Chapter 4, based
on the research of Chapter 3, it generalizes the characteristics of pronunciation,
compares it with other dialects and reviews synchronic inflection. In Chapter 5, it
compares the vocabulary with Zhong Pao, Pei Tien and Ju Xi. Chapter 6 is Conclusions
which present the research findings and propose the suggestions.
Keywords: Minsi Hakka, Liancheng dialect, Luofang Hakka, comparison of timess, dialect comparison, evolution of pronunciation |
