| 摘要: | 本研究採用資料包絡分析法(DEA)估計台灣2006年營造業廠商之技術效率，並利用 Tobit Model 分析國內外技術購入、員工訓練支出、網路採購或銷售及廠齡等變數對於技術效率的影響，研究結果可提供台灣營造業對後續經營效率改善之參考。除了全體樣本之外，本研究另依據員工人數將廠商規模區分為三個群組，進一步分析不同規模下，影響廠商技術效率的因素是否隨之而不同。
在第一階段DEA技術效率的估計結果部分，本研究發現，在固定規模報酬假設下，全部樣本的平均技術效率為0.145(CRS_TE)；而在變動規模報酬(VRS)的假設下，平均技術效率為0.155(VRS_TE)。比起規模較大的廠商，中小型廠商的技術效率明顯高出許多。
第二階段利用 Tobit Model 迴歸分析的部分，估計結果顯示，影響營造業廠商技術效率最重要的變數為員工訓練支出，一致性地在全部樣本以及各規模類別的廠商呈現顯著正向的影響。至於技術購入變數，對中型廠商的技術效率有顯著正向的關聯性。網路採購或銷售以及廠齡這兩項變數，對營造業廠商之技術效率皆無明顯的相關性。
;This study uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to estimate the technical efficiency of Taiwan′s construction industry manufacturers in 2006, and uses the Tobit Model to analyze the impact of domestic and foreign technology purchases, employee training expenditures, online purchases or sales, and factory age on technical efficiency. The results of the research can provide reference for the subsequent improvement of operating efficiency of Taiwan′s construction industry. In addition to the entire sample, this study also divides the size of the manufacturers into three groups based on the number of employees, and further analyzes under different scale, whether the factors affecting the technical efficiency of the manufacturers would be different.
On the first stage, according to the estimation from the results of DEA technical efficiency, this study found that under the assumption of constant returns to scale (CRS), the average technical efficiency of all samples is 0.145 (CRS_TE), and under the assumption of variable returns to scale (VRS), 0.155 (VRS_TE). Compared with large-scale manufacturers, the technical efficiency of small and medium-sized manufacturers is significantly higher.
On the second stage, the Tobit Model regression analysis is used. The estimation of the results shows that the most important variable that affects the technical efficiency of construction companies is the expenses on employee training, which consistently presents a significantly positive impact on all samples and manufacturers of all sizes. As for the variables of technology purchase, it has a significantly positive correlation with the technical efficiency of medium-sized manufacturers. The two variables, online procurement or sales, and plant age, have no obvious relevance to the technical efficiency of construction manufacturers. |
