| 摘要: | 土地為人類生存所重度依賴之資源，人為不當或過度使用以及乾旱或侵蝕等自然因素皆會造成土地劣化，又由於全球人口增加、極端氣候事件頻繁出現，加上飲食型態改變、生產與消費端之損耗與浪費等，可預期全球於近未來將面臨糧食短缺之情況，然而若大量開發自然土地進行農業生產，除了可能加速土地劣化外，也將造成大量溫室氣體排放；為此，全球已展開許多跨領域研究計畫，探討欲達成全球淨零排放、零飢餓、維持生物多樣性等目標下之合宜土地利用，而台灣也應建立貢獻於全球共同永續發展目標之能力。本研究目的為建立系統性方法支援永續土地資源利用及農牧相關糧食生產之決策，首先發展跨領域之土地網模式(Land and Nutrient, Emission, Trade, LandNET)，接著分析不同氣候、社會、經濟情境下台灣土地利用變化對飲食營養、農牧進出口量以及排放量之影響，並與各國研究結果進行比較，以作為土地利用相關決策參考；透過整合自然科學與社會科學之研究成果、結合氣候變遷減緩與調適，以及納入使用者參與共同建立、產製、完成模式，可較全面地檢視永續土地利用與農業之發展方向，本研究成果將貢獻於溫室氣體減量、全國及各縣市國土計畫、土地永續利用、安全及營養均衡的糧食以及永續糧食生產系統等台灣永續發展目標。 ;Land is a vital resource. Improper or excessive use as well as droughts or erosion have caused land degradation. Due to increasing global population, damaging extreme weather events, westernizing dietary habit, non-decreasing food loss and waste, food shortage is very likely to occur in the near future. However, changing natural land into agricultural use may not only intensify land degradation, but also increase greenhouse gas emissions. Since efforts on interdisciplinary research have been made to address proper land use under the goal of achieving global net zero emissions, zero hunger, and maintaining biodiversity, it is necessary that Taiwan also build the capacity to contribute to the global sustainable development goals. The purpose of this study is to establish a systematic approach to support decisions of sustainable land resource utilization and agriculture and livestock production. First of all, an interdisciplinary model LandNET (Land and Nutrient, Emission, Trade) is developed. Then, the effects of changed land uses under different climate, social, and economic scenarios on the three aspects are analyzed and compared with the results of various countries to assist decision-making. Through the integration of natural sciences and social sciences, climate change mitigation and adjustment, and opinions from researcher and stakeholders, the co-designed, co-produced, co-delivered model provide comprehensive implications to sustainable development of land and agriculture. In addition, the results of the study also contribute to the sustainable development goals of Taiwan on greenhouse gas reduction, national land plans, sustainable land use, food security and sustainable food production systems. |
