隨著科技蓬勃發展，舉凡攜帶式的行動裝置以及穿戴式活動感應器等設備皆對人類的生活習慣帶來巨大的影響，然而，同時能源的消耗也隨之增加，因此人們對於電化學儲能裝置的需求日益增多。當中，可撓型超級電容器不僅擁有超級電容器優異的功率密度與儲電能力，更可輕薄化裝置，有效運用有限的空間，藉此應用於穿戴式和摺疊式的電子裝置，便於人們適應快速的生活型態以及帶來生活上更多便利。 在此研究中結合奈米碳纖維與奈米銀粒子製作可用於可撓式元件之電極材料，利用靜電紡絲技術，製備出摻銀奈米碳纖維，再以水熱法將過錳酸鉀還原生長出二氧化錳奈米片當作活性物質，完成之材料可直接作為超級電容器電極材料進行量測，無須額外添加黏合劑和助導劑，並使用聚二甲基矽氧烷(PDMS)作為可撓性基板，將透明的PDMS柔性基板搭配電極材料，能再進一步製備出可撓式超級電容器元件。製備完成之電極片在三極系統量測中，以電流密度1 A/g下，可達比電容值為122.5 F/g，表現出良好的能量密度並同時擁有超級電容器極佳的功率密度。除此之外，同時實驗也進行可撓性測試，在彎曲的曲率半徑1.25 cm ~ 5 cm下，進行循環伏安的測試，由實驗結果可得知，元件之循環伏安曲線在不同曲率的彎曲下，並未發現有明顯的變化，故表示出此元件擁有良好的可撓曲性質。 經過改良後電極材料具有相當水準之電化學性能，說明二氧化錳奈米片的修飾以及添加銀奈米粒子之改質有助於奈米碳纖維提升電化學性能，且銀的添加更可使原本性質較脆的奈米碳纖維具有相當的可撓曲程度，本研究中的材料改質技術以及所設計之超電容元件在儲能系統中具有良好的發展潛力和應用前景。 ;With the rapid development of technology, many portable and wearable electronic devices have great impact on human living habits. At the same time the increase of energy consumption has brought up research attention on developing electrochemical energy storage devices. Among them, flexible supercapacitors not only have excellent power density and storage capacity, but also can be used in limited spaces. Flexible supercapacitors can be used as energy storage device in wearable and foldable electronic devices to facilitate fast and convenient lifestyle. In this study, carbon nanofibers were combined with silver nanoparticle to make flexible electrode of the supercapacitor device. Silver-doped carbon nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning, and then active materials of manganese dioxide nanosheets were grown by hydrothermal reaction. The finished carbon nanofibers decorated with Ag/MnO2 nanosheets can be directly used as electrode materials for measurement without the need of additional binders and conducting agents. Furthermore, a flexible supercapacitor device was prepared by assembling the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) flexible substrate with the CNF/Ag/MnO2 electrode. The charge-discharge curve showed that the electrode has high specific capacitance value of 122.5 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g, demonstrating a good energy density and at the same time having an excellent power density. Bending tests were performed to test the flexibility of supercapacitor. Under different bending conditions, the results show that the cyclic voltammetry curves of the device did not change obviously. This represents that the supercapacitor device has good flexibility. The improved electrode material demonstrated great electrochemical performance, indicating that the modification of manganese dioxide nanosheets and the addition of silver nanoparticles can improve the electrochemical performance. Besides, the silver nanoparticles provided considerable degree of flexibility for the carbon nanofiber electrode. The results showed that the material modification and components designed in this research have great development potential and application prospects in energy storage systems.
