| 摘要: | 失效模式與效應分析(Failure Mode and Effects Analysis，FMEA)是眾所皆知重要的管理觀念和風險控制技術之一，以製程或供應鏈的完善需求達標為中心導向，施行重點是必須發現造成目標期望失效的真正原因，以本研究為例，即是探討造成產品不良、製程失誤與設計誤差等足以降低良率之肇因，並且使用特性要因分析與PDCA 法執行矯正預防與追蹤措施，力行確認改善效果以滿足甚至還要超越對自身產品的期望標竿。FMEA 也強調建立專案團隊，徵詢各單位專業領域人士意見，並實際了解整個製程順序與現況來進行全方位的分析，抽絲剝繭找到最需要立即處理的問題並尋求解決方案。而一個成功的FMEA 行動重點在於能在事件發生前(先見之明)，及時(Before the Event)控制局勢，立即得到解決方案且能順利施行，而非著重於事後的處理與安置(After the Fact)。本研究以製程導向作為研究重點，分析其造成失效的嚴重程度、發生頻率與檢測的難易程度，希冀能在失效狀態發生前預先消弭令產品有機會不良的因素，如機件、投料與生產方式等，藉以提升產品良率，使客戶滿意。研究過程中我們了解，分析實際且確實的資料以求洞悉製程業務，可以優化部門間水平與垂直的作業模式與溝通，代表個案(企業)變得更有效率，工作起來像是身處於運轉良好的網路平台，因為不同的部門可以更有效地彼此共用資訊、交錯了解，並使每個
人都在同一共識水平上，透過團隊運作模式，有系統地檢討分析或揭露各流程與子流程設備、機件、原材料、人為、非人為等潛在失效模式下之可能影響結果。FMEA 也帶來更積極有效的製程體驗，有利於鞏固業務，例如優化員工的工作技能與機件良率，也能使產品品質得到優化，優化後的產品交到客戶手中，就會培養出忠實客戶，客戶將好的訊息傳達給其他人，進而能提高公司績效與聲譽。;Failure mode and effect analysis is one of the well-known important management concepts and risk control technologies. It is centered on the improvement demand of the process or
supply chain. The implementation focus is to find the real cause of the failure of target expectation. Taking this study as an example, it is to explore the causes of poor products,process errors and design errors, analyze the use Cause & Effect Analysis, implement corrective,preventive and tracking measures with PDCA, and strive to confirm the improvement effect to meet or even exceed the expected benchmark of their own products.FMEA also emphasizes the establishment of a project team to actually understand the
entire process sequence and current situation to conduct a comprehensive analysis. A successful FMEA action focuses on being able to control the situation in time before the incident, rather than focusing on handling and placement after the event. This research takes the process orientation as the key research area to analyze the severity of failures, the frequency of occurrence, and the difficulty of detection, such as machine parts, feeding materials, and
production methods, so as to improve product yield and satisfy customers.During the research process, we understand that analyzing process data through team operation mode can optimize operations and communication between departments, and representative case (Enterprise) operations can become more efficient, such as analyzing parts,raw materials, and man-made failure modes under potential failure modes. May affect the results. FMEA also brings a more active and effective process experience, which can optimize product quality and improve company performance and reputation. |
