十九世紀後，隨著工業革命及都市化的發展，城市的概念逐漸成為作家們筆下的都會文學。所謂：「宏偉的城市是靈魂的工作坊以致世界之作。」透過都會文學，讀者得以頗析城市裡人物的意象。在云云城市個體中，妓女之意象尤其特殊，因妓女意象的存在似乎充斥著矛盾。身為一個在傳統道德上被輕蔑的人物，妓女卻又經常受到男性的關愛。在階級制度的霸權下，妓女的價值就在城市日夜更迭的過程中不斷轉換並穿梭其中。本論文挑選四部十九到二十世紀關於妓女之法國都會文學作品（《娜娜》、《青樓怨婦》、《妓女的日子》、《女學狗》），希望讓讀者理解妓女是如何穿梭在各個階級之中。 本論文將透過三個部分說明妓女價值的轉換與都會文學之關係。首先，從城市與城市個體之定義發展到在城市體驗（L’expérience urbaine）中理解城市與妓女之關係。其次，透過城市日夜政權（Le Régime diurne et nocturne）之轉換，說明妓女意象的兩個極點與文學城市之關係。最後，本論文將探討中產階級的傳統價值觀（Le système de valeurs bourgeois）與妓女之關係。;After the nineteenth century, with the development of the Industrial Revolution and the urbanization, the concept of the city gradually became the urban literature with the inspiration of writers. ’’The great city is the atelier of spirit where produce world′s work.’’ Through the urban literature, readers can analyze the images of the characters in the city. Among all of city individuals, the image of prostitute is characteristic, because the existence of the image of prostitute seems contradictory. As a character who is despicable in traditional morality, prostitute is often desired by men. Under the domination of the class system, the value of prostitute constantly changes and shuttles through the class system when the city alternates between day and night. We’re hoping to make readers understand how prostitutes cross among all classes. This thesis will illustrate the relationship between the transformation of the value of prostitute and the urban literature through three parts. First of all, from the definition of the city and the urban individual that we will understand the relationship between the city and the prostitute in the urban experience. Secondly, through the system diurnal and nocturnal of the city, we will explain the relationship between the two poles of the prostitute image and the literary city. Finally, this thesis will discuss the relationship between the traditional values of the middle class and prostitutes.
