| 摘要: | 目前全球的半導體生產能力都集中在東亞。因此，整個產業生態體系已經圍繞著主要生產商而建立起來。在臺灣的半導體產業競爭激烈，涵蓋了從IC設計、晶圓代工、封裝測試以及配套設備和材料等整個供應鏈。然而，從2020年開始，一連串的事件導致整個世界的供應鏈受到嚴重破壞。這些事件包括美國和中國的貿易戰和技術戰；由covid-19的全球大流行病造成進一步的推波助瀾，以及從2022年2月開始對俄羅斯和烏克蘭戰爭的經濟制裁。為了因應這些狀況，彈性供應鏈的概念成為全球經濟舞臺的中心。
彈性供應鏈的組成部分之一是 "短鏈"。因此，歐美、日本等國家已經開始為半導體產業制定與國家安全相關的國家政策，以提高半導體晶圓生產的自主性和供應鏈的彈性。在這個時候，臺灣的作用是重要而微妙的，因為美國和中國是臺灣的兩個重要出口市場，兩國對抗不斷升級，夾在中間的臺灣面臨越來越多的挑戰。例如，美國徵召TSMC在美國建立具有先進製程的300毫米晶圓生產廠，以實現短鏈並緩解晶圓供應過於集中於臺灣的風險。因此TSMC不得不開始向全球擴張設廠版圖。
作為TSMC的設備供應商，H公司必須對其主要客戶的全球擴張行動作出反應。如何做出最好的選擇和計畫下一步是本研究的目標。在深入分析的基礎上制定了幾個初步的選擇，並提出了最後的建議。;Currently, the global semiconductor production capacity is concentrated in East Asia. As a result, the entire ecological system has been well established around the major producers. In Taiwan, the semiconductor industry is highly competitive, covering the entire supply chain, from IC design, wafer foundry, packaging and testing, as well as the supporting equipment and materials. However, starting from 2020, a chain of events have resulted in severe supply chain disruption throughout the world. These include the US and China trade war and technology war; further fueled by the covid-19 pandemic, and the economic sanctions responding to the Russian and Ukrainian war starting February, 2022. In response to these, the concept of resilient supply chain moves to the center of the global economic stage.
One of the component of resilient supply chain is “short chain.” Therefore, the countries in Europe, America and Japan have begun to formulate relevant national policies for the semiconductor industry related to national security, in order to improve the autonomy of semiconductor wafer production and supply chain resilience. The role of Taiwan is important and subtle at this time because the United States and China are two important export markets for Taiwan, the confrontation between the two nations is escalating, and Taiwan, caught in the middle, is facing more and more challenges. For example, the United States beckoned tsmc to set up 300 mm wafer production plants with advanced processes in the United States, to achieve short chain, and to alleviated the risk that wafer supply is too concentrated in Taiwan. Tsmc is thus forced to expand globally.
As a supplies of equipment to tsmc, company H has to respond to its key customer’s global expansion move. How to make the best choice and plan for next step is the objective of this study. Several initial choice are formulated based on in depth analysis, and a final recommendation is made. |
